Molten salt synthesis of carbon-supported Pt–rare earth metal nanoalloy catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction

Abstract

The synthesis mechanism of Pt–RE nanoalloy particles prepared by one-step molten salt synthesis as an advanced ORR catalyst is proposed.

Atomically mixed catalysts on a 3D thin-shell TiO2 for dual-modal chemical detection and neutralization

“…39 Considering the high reduction potential of metallic Pt, the Pt precursors are rst transformed into Pt metals, followed by the consecutive reduction of Pd, Co, and Ni ions in the inner shell of the crystallite. 40 The catalytic NPs with diameters <3 nm exhibit high surface activity. [41][42][43] One important aspect that signicantly affects the success of the synthesis process is the quality and characteristics of the metal oxide structure, specically its shape and surface properties.…”

Universal and Energy‐Efficient Approach to Synthesize Pt‐Rare Earth Metal Alloys for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

“…Additionally, the energy consumption of this method is only 0.052 kW h, which is more than 200 times lower than that of some reported methods. [22,29,[33][34][35] Second, the particle sizes can be effectively controlled by thermal energy manipulation such as altering the reaction time or current. As seen in Figure 2b, under the specified conditions of 80 A, the particle size increases with prolonged processing time.…”

“…This indicates that the bonding strength between Pt and oxygenated intermediates is weakened, which is because of the down shift of d-band center of Pt by alloying with Ce. [35,[39][40][41][42][43] In Figure 4b, the E h of Pt-Ce alloy is 0.91 V, which is higher than that of Pt/C catalyst (0.88 V). Interestingly, the catalytic performance of Pt-Ce alloy shows a selfoptimization effect during the CV test, as shown in Figure 4c.…”

“…Notably, the decayed rate of MA or SA in this study is only ≈−0.5 × 10 −5 per cycle, which is even one-tenth of reported values. [11,22,35,44,45] Overall, Pt-Ce alloy with low Pt con-tents displays exceptional ORR activity and stability, making it a promising candidate for ORR.…”

“…It demonstrates superior performance with a specific activity (SA) of 1.07 mA cm −2 at 0.9 V, ≈2.7 times higher than Pt/C. Furthermore, after self-optimization process, the MA of Pt-Ce increase by 9.1% and the SA increased by [22,29,34,35] b) Point-and-line plot of particle size variation of Pt-Ce alloy with reaction time. c) Histogram of average particle size for Pt-RE alloy family.…”