Molten salt induced nitrogen-doped biochar nanosheets as highly efficient peroxymonosulfate catalyst for organic pollutant degradation

Xie, Yi; Hu, Wenyuan; Wang, Xuqian; Tong, Wenhua; Li, Panyu; Zhou, Hui; Wang, Yabo; Zhang, Yongkui

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114053

Cited by 69 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Chemical activation (eg, KOH) increases the SSA significantly; however, it causes a severe reduction in the N content. The use of activation methods with less effect on the N content is required, for example, molten salts (NaCl and KCl) 72 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of activation methods with less effect on the N content is required, for example, molten salts (NaCl and KCl). 72 Another reason for the poor electrochemical performance is the adhesion instability of the active carbon electrode material on the CB@Al carrier film and the inhomogeneous distribution of the dough (coating) that may result in nonuniform distribution of concentration of physisorbed active species at the electrode/electrolyte interface affecting significantly the performance of the electric double layer. 73 The electrolyte with a concentration of 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 might also be a reason for the low specific capacitances.…”

Section: The Electrical Conductivity and The CVmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal treatment versus hydrothermal carbonization: How to synthesize nitrogen‐enriched carbon materials for energy storage applications?

Alhnidi

Straten

Nicolae

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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The thermal treatment of an activated carbon/chars with a nitrogen precursor is not a sustainable nor an efficient method for the incorporation of N into the carbon structure. This study proposes the use of hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) as an environmentally friendly method for the incorporation of N into the bulk of carbon materials. The authors propose the following sequence for the synthesis of Nenriched carbon materials (NCM) for energy storage applications: HTC of the N precursor and biomass ! activation of N-hydrochar (N-HC). To investigate the proposed method, HTCs of spent coffee grounds (SCG) with N precursors (urea and alanine) were conducted at 220 C for 5 hours. The resulted N-HCs were subjected to a mild thermal activation via pyrolysis at 600 C for 2 hours. The results showed that HTC enhances the incorporation of N into the carbon matrix via many reactions, for example, the Maillard reaction (MR) or the Mannich reaction, which may accompany the formation of HC via the solved-intermediate pathway or the solid-to-solid pathway, respectively. However, adjusting some parameters before HTC, for example, the concentration of the N precursor and the pH value of the slurry is important to avoid a significant reduction in the N-HC yield. The proposed method led to the synthesis of NCM with a N content of 10.3wt% The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the incorporation of N into the bulk of NCM and showed a significant increase in the content of heterocyclic N compounds (pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, and graphitic N) in the NCM. The incorporation of N via the proposed method significantly improved the electrochemical properties of NCM as the values of the specific capacitance and the electrical conductivity in the NCM increased by five times and four times, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Electrical Conductivity and The CVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal treatment versus hydrothermal carbonization: How to synthesize nitrogen‐enriched carbon materials for energy storage applications?

Alhnidi

Straten

Nicolae

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…They also reported an increase in the degree of graphitization with increasing pyrolysis temperature, which was involved in the catalyst activation. However, Xie et al used N-rich yeast to produce biochar at 600 °C for peroxymonosulfate activation and reported that a high graphitization degree was not required for the catalytic performance of N-doped biochar nanosheets (Xie et al 2020). The authors used molten salts in the pyrolyzing process to help retain nitrogen on the sheets.…”

Section: Nitrogen-rich Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…N-doping on the biochar surface enhances electron mobility and improves its hydrophobic characteristics. Although the mechanism of N-doping on biochar is still not very clear, nitrogen-doped (N-doped) biochar has shown promising potential in the fields of adsorption (Qin et al 2016;Yang et al 2017), advanced oxidation processes (Xie et al 2020;Xu et al 2020;Zaeni et al 2020), oxygen electrocatalysis (Liu et al 2014;Borghei et al 2017), supercapacitors (Li et al 2012;Biswal et al 2013), microbial fuel cells (Huggins et al 2015;Yue et al 2015;Zhong et al 2019), biofuels and bio-based chemical production (Dreyer et al 2017;Chen et al 2018a). The role of nitrogen functional groups on biochar surfaces, recent advancements of biochar preparation, and potential applications of N-doped biochars have been reviewed recently (Leng et al 2019;Wan et al 2020a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-doped biochars as adsorbents for mitigation of heavy metals and organics from water: a review

Kasera

Kolar

Hall

2022

Biochar

111

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Mitigation of toxic contaminants from wastewater is crucial to the safety and sustainability of the aquatic ecosystem and human health. There is a pressing need to find economical and efficient technologies for municipal, agricultural, aquacultural, and industrial wastewater treatment. Nitrogen-doped biochar, which is synthesized from waste biomass, is shown to exhibit good adsorptive performance towards harmful aqueous contaminants, including heavy metals and organic chemicals. Incorporating nitrogen into the biochar matrix changes the overall electronic structure of biochar, which favors the interaction of N-doped biochar with contaminants. In this review, we start the discussion with the preparation techniques and raw materials used for the production of N-doped biochar, along with its structural attributes. Next, the adsorption of heavy metals and organic pollutants on N-doped biochars is systematically discussed. The adsorption mechanisms of contaminant removal by N-doped biochar are also clearly explained. Further, mathematical analyses of adsorption, crucial to the quantification of adsorption, process design, and understanding of the mechanics of the process, are reviewed. Furthermore, the influence of environmental parameters on the adsorption process and the reusability of N-doped biochars are critically evaluated. Finally, future research trends for the design and development of application-specific preparation of N-doped biochars for wastewater treatment are suggested. Graphical abstract

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“…The non-radical pathway has a lower degradation rate and mineralization extent than the radical pathway due to the relatively weaker oxidation capacity. The non-radical pathway can oxidize organic pollutants at the initial stage, whereas free radicals can further degrade the pollutants into CO 2 and H 2 O [ 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Due to its higher selectivity, the non-radical pathway is resistant to various inorganic ions (NO 3 − , HCO 3 − , halogens, etc.)…”

Section: Mechanism Of Ps Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mini Review on Persulfate Activation by Sustainable Biochar for the Removal of Antibiotics

Zhou

et al. 2022

Materials

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Antibiotic contamination in water bodies poses ecological risks to aquatic organisms and humans and is a global environmental issue. Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (PS-AOPs) are efficient for the removal of antibiotics. Sustainable biochar materials have emerged as potential candidates as persulfates (Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and Peroxydisulfate (PDS)) activation catalysts to degrade antibiotics. In this review, the feasibility of pristine biochar and modified biochar (non-metal heteroatom-doped biochar and metal-loaded biochar) for the removal of antibiotics in PS-AOPs is evaluated through a critical analysis of recent research. The removal performances of biochar materials, the underlying mechanisms, and active sites involved in the reactions are studied. Lastly, sustainability considerations for future biochar research, including Sustainable Development Goals, technical feasibility, toxicity assessment, economic and life cycle assessment, are discussed to promote the large-scale application of biochar/PS technology. This is in line with the global trends in ensuring sustainable production.

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Molten salt induced nitrogen-doped biochar nanosheets as highly efficient peroxymonosulfate catalyst for organic pollutant degradation

Cited by 69 publications

References 46 publications

Thermal treatment versus hydrothermal carbonization: How to synthesize nitrogen‐enriched carbon materials for energy storage applications?

Thermal treatment versus hydrothermal carbonization: How to synthesize nitrogen‐enriched carbon materials for energy storage applications?

Nitrogen-doped biochars as adsorbents for mitigation of heavy metals and organics from water: a review

A Mini Review on Persulfate Activation by Sustainable Biochar for the Removal of Antibiotics

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