Molten carbonate fuel cells

Cassir, M.; Ringuedé, Armelle; Lair, Virginie

doi:10.1016/b978-1-78242-363-8.00003-7

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Furthermore, there are several energy-storage devices and energy-supply devices that operate under high salt concentrations or for which electrolytes generally play a critical role. Examples include the use of salt mixtures in thermal energy storage devices (salts as heat-transfer fluids) − and in salt fuel cells, , as precursors in chemical syntheses for hydrogen storage materials, and in the production of solar cells as a perovskite material . Of even higher importance might be the use of salts in lithium ion batteries. , All of these applications could be more efficient when using a deeper knowledge of interactions in electrolyte solutions and of thermodynamic data such as melting points or salt solubility in the often water-poor/water-free media.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic g^E Models and Equations of State for Electrolytes in a Water-Poor Medium: A Review

Held

2020

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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Research on the thermodynamics of electrolytes is timeless, and modeling an electrolyte solution might be considered to be a golden oldie, which was, is, and will be important in the design of processes and new materials in the future. The reason is that electrolytes play important roles in different scientific disciplines, such as material development, technical processes (chemical industry, biotechnology, and pharma and food industries), and most recently the energy sector. Closely connected is the further development of advanced thermodynamic models. The age of digitalization requires robust physical models as the basis for static and dynamic process modeling, and that will provide the basis for surrogate approaches in future machine learning developments. This all brings thermodynamic modeling to a consideration of its most important feature. There are many thermodynamic approaches which have been developed to correlate, model, and predict the properties and phase behavior of electrolytes. Usually, this has been very successful for aqueous electrolyte solutions. However, for solutions with poor water content, electrolyte modeling is challenging. This mini-review summarizes the recent advance of thermodynamic models for electrolyte solutions in a water-poor medium and suggests the required theoretical framework.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic g^E Models and Equations of State for Electrolytes in a Water-Poor Medium: A Review

Held

2020

J. Chem. Eng. Data

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“…Anode samples were exposed to Li 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 molten salt at 550 °C for 21 days in aerated conditions, with eutectic composition (62:38 mol. %), as described by Cassir et al [ 29 ], Ricca et al [ 30 ], and Lair et al [ 31 ]. Gravimetric measurements of samples were carried out in quadruplicates to ensure replicability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ni-Al Bronze in Molten Carbonate Manufactured by LPBF: Effect of Porosity Design on Mechanical Properties and Oxidation

et al. 2023

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Fuel cell technology has developed due to diminishing dependence on fossil fuels and carbon footprint production. This work focuses on a nickel–aluminum bronze alloy as an anode produced by additive manufacturing as bulk and porous samples, studying the effect of designed porosity and thermal treatment on mechanical and chemical stability in molten carbonate (Li2CO3-K2CO3). Micrographs showed a typical morphology of the martensite phase for all samples in as-built conditions and a spheroid structure on the surface after the heat treatment, possibly revealing the formation of molten salt deposits and corrosion products. FE-SEM analysis of the bulk samples showed some pores with a diameter near 2–5 μm in the as-built condition, which varied between 100 and −1000 μm for the porous samples. After exposure, the cross-section images of porous samples revealed a film composed principally of Cu and Fe, Al, followed by a Ni-rich zone, whose thickness was approximately 1.5 µm, which depended on the porous design but was not influenced significantly by the heat treatment. Additionally, by incorporating porosity, the corrosion rate of NAB samples increased slightly.

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“…The high temperature of operation of molten carbonate fuel cell has limited its application in large power generation plants. Even their application in household settings is not very straightforward [16]. An advantage of this type of fuel is the possibility of utilizing generated heat in other chemical processes or steam generation process.…”

Section: Molten Carbonate Fuel Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Focused on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes

Jalali,

Seyedghayem,

Hooriabad Saboor

et al. 2023

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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The application of organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes allows for a synergy between the desirable thermal and mechanical properties of inorganic materials with the reactivity, dielectric properties, durability, flexibility, and processability of the polymeric materials. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) suffer from some problems including water content management, carbon monoxide poisoning, hydrogen reformate, and fuel crossover through the membrane. Herein, specific solutions have been proposed to the above-mentioned problems using organ-inorganic nanocomposites. These solutions include doping proton conductive inorganic nano-particles in the proton exchange membrane, preparing nanocomposites via the sol-gel method, covalence bond of inorganic compounds with the polymer structure, and acid-based proton exchange nanocomposite membranes. Furthermore, hydrogen production with low carbon monoxide content using the ethanol steam reforming method, as well as the effect of CO in the hydrogen feed of PEMFC are explained and discussed. Finally, desirable conditions for achieving the maximum power density in exchange membrane cells (EMFCs) are discussed.

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Molten carbonate fuel cells

Cited by 9 publications

References 83 publications

Thermodynamic g^E Models and Equations of State for Electrolytes in a Water-Poor Medium: A Review

Thermodynamic g^E Models and Equations of State for Electrolytes in a Water-Poor Medium: A Review

Ni-Al Bronze in Molten Carbonate Manufactured by LPBF: Effect of Porosity Design on Mechanical Properties and Oxidation

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Focused on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes

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Molten carbonate fuel cells

Cited by 9 publications

References 83 publications

Thermodynamic gE Models and Equations of State for Electrolytes in a Water-Poor Medium: A Review

Thermodynamic gE Models and Equations of State for Electrolytes in a Water-Poor Medium: A Review

Ni-Al Bronze in Molten Carbonate Manufactured by LPBF: Effect of Porosity Design on Mechanical Properties and Oxidation

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells: Focused on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membranes

Contact Info

Product

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Thermodynamic g^E Models and Equations of State for Electrolytes in a Water-Poor Medium: A Review

Thermodynamic g^E Models and Equations of State for Electrolytes in a Water-Poor Medium: A Review