Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)-based hybrid propulsion systems for a liquefied hydrogen tanker

Ahn, Junkeon; Park, Sung Ho; Lee, Sanghyuk; Noh, Yeelyong; Chang, Daejun

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.03.015

Cited by 53 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…A ST may be used in a bottoming cycle for WHR [29,67]. The water supply is changed into superheated steam by the exhaust gas from the cathode of the fuel cell stack through a cascade of pre-heater, evaporator and superheater after the fuel/steam heater.…”

Section: Combined Mcfc-st Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A MCFC-based marine auxiliary power unit (APU) fed with diesel oil was developed and modelled [28], allowing the system efficiency under different reforming strategies and process configurations to be assessed. A hybrid propulsion system coupling a MCFC with a bottoming cycle was developed for a LH 2 tanker [29]. System efficiency, economic feasibility and exhaust emissions were evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fuel Cell Power Systems for Maritime Applications: Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2021

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Fuel cells as clean power sources are very attractive for the maritime sector, which is committed to sustainability and reducing greenhouse gas and atmospheric pollutant emissions from ships. This paper presents a technological review on fuel cell power systems for maritime applications from the past two decades. The available fuels including hydrogen, ammonia, renewable methane and methanol for fuel cells under the context of sustainable maritime transportation and their pre-processing technologies are analyzed. Proton exchange membrane, molten carbonate and solid oxide fuel cells are found to be the most promising options for maritime applications, once energy efficiency, power capacity and sensitivity to fuel impurities are considered. The types, layouts and characteristics of fuel cell modules are summarized based on the existing applications in particular industrial or residential sectors. The various research and demonstration projects of fuel cell power systems in the maritime industry are reviewed and the challenges with regard to power capacity, safety, reliability, durability, operability and costs are analyzed. Currently, power capacity, costs and lifetime of the fuel cell stack are the primary barriers. Coupling with batteries, modularization, mass production and optimized operating and control strategies are all important pathways to improve the performance of fuel cell power systems.

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Section: Combined Mcfc-st Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Cell Power Systems for Maritime Applications: Progress and Perspectives

et al. 2021

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“…The EEDI as an eco-efficiency policy in the marine transportation sector was introduced to improve the energy efficiency in a ship. The EEDI presents the ratio of economic benefits to environmental costs in ship operation; it calculates the CO 2 emissions generated while a ship transports one ton of cargo for one nautical mile (Ahn et al 2018). The attained EEDI values of all the merchant ships over 400 tons as gross tonnage must be less than each reference value.…”

Section: Environmental Regulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The shipping industry tries to satisfy the EEDI through the improvement of marine engines as well as through changes to marine fuels and propulsion types (DNV-GL 2015). There are many alternatives, such as a reduction of speed, trim optimization, hull cleaning, optimization of the propeller, alternative fuel, engine adjustment, on-board CCS (carbon capture and storage), and fuel cell propulsion (Ančić et al, 2015;Ahn et al 2018;van den Akker, 2017). An alternative fuel is the most promising option.…”

Section: Environmental Regulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in container shipping industry: Autonomous ship, environmental regulation, and reshoring

Ahn

Joung²,

Kang³

et al. 2019

Journal of International Maritime Safety, Environmental Affairs

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This paper proposes the strategy of container shipping industry in the foreseeable future. Container shipping presently encounters challenges such as excess container capacity, lowfreight rate, high-fuel cost, and eco-efficient policy. In addition, the Fourth Industrial Revolution also affects the shipping industry via autonomous ship and reshoring phenomena. The hundreds of zettabytes big data enable deep-learning-based ship design as well as autonomous shipping; the various propulsion types become satisfied with the EEDI requirement; the small-and mid-sized containerships account for the significant portion of container fleets. By considering these key issues, the expectable changes are discussed for sustainable shipping.

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“…There are various types such as proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFCs) depending on fuel and substances. Among them, PEMFCs are the most attractive fuel cells due to their low operating temperature, compact structure and fast startup and shutdown facilities [1][2][3][4]. In terms of structural and functional aspects, the fuel cell can be divided into a separation plate, a gas diffusion layer (GDL), a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and a gasket.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Evaluation of Effective Properties of Randomly Distributed Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) Tissues with Different Compression Ratios

Lee¹,

Choi

Kang

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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The gas diffusion layer (GDL) typically consists of a thin layer of carbon fiber paper, carbon cloth or nonwoven and has numerous pores. The GDL plays an important role that determines the performance of the fuel cell. It is a medium through which hydrogen and oxygen are transferred and serves as a passage through which water, generated by the electrochemical reaction, is discharged. The GDL tissue undergoes a compressive loading during the stacking process. This leads to changes in fiber content, porosity and resin content due to compressive load, which affects the mechanical, chemical and electrical properties of the GDL and ultimately determines fuel cell performance. In this study, the geometry of a GDL was modeled according to the compression ratios (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%), which simulated the compression during the stacking process and predicted the equivalent properties according to the change of GDL carbon fiber content, matrix content and pore porosity, etc. The proposed method to predict the equivalent material properties can not only consider the stacking direction of the material during stack assembling process, but can also provide a manufacturing standard for fastening compressive load for GDL.

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Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)-based hybrid propulsion systems for a liquefied hydrogen tanker

Cited by 53 publications

References 57 publications

Fuel Cell Power Systems for Maritime Applications: Progress and Perspectives

Fuel Cell Power Systems for Maritime Applications: Progress and Perspectives

Changes in container shipping industry: Autonomous ship, environmental regulation, and reshoring

A Study on the Evaluation of Effective Properties of Randomly Distributed Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) Tissues with Different Compression Ratios

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