“…Many other ionic liquids, including ammonium [145], guanidinium [146,147], phosphonium [148,149], pyridinium, and sulfonium [150,151,152], have also been investigated for their potential use as solvent-free electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells. Nonetheless, these have not yielded good efficiencies, owing to their high viscosity as well as mass-transport problems [148,149,150,151,152].…”