Mollisols of Tarai region of Uttar Pradesh, Northern India, 2. Genesis and classification

Deshpande, S. B.; Fehrenbacher, J. B.; Ray, B. W.

doi:10.1016/0016-7061(71)90006-1

Cited by 43 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Later in the lifetime of the aggrading soil, a relatively lower water table and seasonally drier conditions would have allowed the growth of other types of vegetation, including bushes and trees. Today, these types of edaphic grasslands occur on the Indo-Gangetic Plain, forming dense ground cover and a well-developed A horizon (Deshpande et al, 1971a(Deshpande et al, , 1971bLehmkuhl, 1994). Our isotopic results indicate that the yellow soils were common in topographically lower areas of the Miocene fl oodplains after 6.8 Ma, and also that drier grassland habitats were associated with the highly oxidized, carbonate-rich red soils.…”

Section: Relationship Of Stable Isotopes and Floodplain Environments mentioning

confidence: 98%

The structure and rate of late Miocene expansion of C4 plants: Evidence from lateral variation in stable isotopes in paleosols of the Siwalik Group, northern Pakistan

Behrensmeyer¹,

Quade²,

Cerling³

et al. 2007

Geological Society of America Bulletin

107

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This study uses stable isotope variation within individual Mio-Pliocene paleosols to investigate subkilometer-scale phytogeography of late Miocene vegetation change in southeast Asia between ca. 8.1 and 5 Ma, a time interval that coincides with dramatic global vegetation change. We examine trends through time in the distribution of low-latitude grasses (C 4 plants) and forest (C 3 plants) on Indo-Gangetic fl oodplains using carbon (δ 13 C) and oxygen isotopic (δ 18 O) values in buried soil carbonates in Siwalik Series sediments exposed in the Rohtas Anticline, northcentral Pakistan. Revised, high-resolution magnetostratigraphy and a new 40 Ar/ 39 Ar date provide improved age control for the 2020 m Rohtas section. Carbon isotope results capture lateral variability of C 3 versus C 4 plants at fi ve stratigraphic levels, R11 (8.0 Ma), R15 (6.74-6.78 Ma), R23 (5.78 Ma), R29 (4.8-4.9 Ma), and upper boundary tuff (UBT; 2.4 Ma), using detailed sampling of paleosols traceable laterally over hundreds of meters. Paleosols and the contained isotopic results can be assigned to three different depositional contexts within the fl uvial sediments: channel fi ll, crevasse-splay, and fl oodplain environments. δ 13 C results show that near the beginning (8.0 Ma) and after (4.0 Ma) the period of major ecological change, vegetation was homogeneously C 3 or C 4 , respectively, regardless of paleo-landscape position. In the intervening period, there is a wide range of values overall, with C 4 grasses fi rst invading the drier portions of the system (fl oodplain surfaces) and C 3 plants persisting in moister settings, such as topographically lower channel swales. Although abrupt on a geologic timescale, changes in abundance of C 4 plants are modest (~2% per 100,000 yr) compared to rates of vegetation turnover in response to glacial and interglacial climate changes in the Quaternary. Earlier research documented a sharply defi ned C 3 to C 4 transition in Pakistan between 8.1 and 5.0 Ma, based on vertical sampling, but this higher-resolution study reveals a more gradual transition between 8.0 and 4.5 Ma in which C 3 and C 4 plants occupied different subenvironments of the Siwalik alluvial plain.δ 18 O values as well as δ 13 C values of soil carbonate increase up section at Rohtas, similar to isotope trends in other paleosol records from the region. Spatially, however, there is no correlation between δ 13 C and δ 18 O values at most stratigraphic levels. This implies that the changes in soil hydrology brought about by the shift from forest to grassland (i.e., an increase in average soil evaporation) did not produce the shift through time in δ 18 O values. We interpret the trend toward heavier soil carbonate δ 18 O values as a response to changes in external climatic factors such as a net decrease in rainfall over the past 9 Ma.

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Section: Relationship Of Stable Isotopes and Floodplain Environments mentioning

confidence: 98%

The structure and rate of late Miocene expansion of C4 plants: Evidence from lateral variation in stable isotopes in paleosols of the Siwalik Group, northern Pakistan

Behrensmeyer¹,

Quade²,

Cerling³

et al. 2007

Geological Society of America Bulletin

107

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“…But in the humid tropics, the soils under agricultural lands are subjected to high atmospheric temperature and therefore can not store enough organic matter to be grouped under Mollisols. Interestingly, Mollisols have been reported under subtropical part of northern India developed in micaceous alluvium of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (Deshpande et al, 1971;Murthy et al, 1982). These soils are formed under environments similar to temperate climate of the USA and Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Formation and persistence of Mollisols on zeolitic Deccan basalt of humid tropical India

et al. 2006

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“…1. The experimental soil is silty loam of alluvial origin, relatively young and is classed as Aquic Hapludoll (Deshpande et al ., 1971). The soil properties before the long-term experiment was initiated (1984) and before the start of the present research (2007) are given in Tables 1 and 2, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of long-term nutrient management practices on soil micronutrient concentrations and uptake under a rice–wheat cropping system

et al. 2019

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A field experiment was conducted to study the long-term effects of nutrient management practices on micronutrient concentrations in soil and their uptake by crops under a long-term rice–wheat cropping system. The treatments comprised different combinations of N, P, K, Zn and farm yard manure (FYM), used as nutrient management practices. After 25 years of continuous cropping, the higher grain yields and uptake of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were obtained when FYM was applied along with mineral sources of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) when compared to mineral sources of NPK alone. The residual effect of FYM, applied to rice, on the yield of subsequent wheat was significant. The application of mineral NPK with FYM recorded higher diethylene triamine penta acetic acid extracted (DTPA)-Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations in the soil compared to any other treatment. The plots with Zn application showed higher DTPA-Zn concentration in the soil compared to any other treatments. The available Fe, Mn and Cu in the soil were higher than their critical limits and the soil was low in Zn where inorganic fertilizers were applied alone (without Zn). Integrated application of mineral NPK and FYM to the rice crop and mineral NPK to wheat was found to be the best nutrient management practice in producing higher yields of rice and wheat and improve long-term soil micronutrient concentrations.

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Mollisols of Tarai region of Uttar Pradesh, Northern India, 2. Genesis and classification

Cited by 43 publications

References 2 publications

The structure and rate of late Miocene expansion of C4 plants: Evidence from lateral variation in stable isotopes in paleosols of the Siwalik Group, northern Pakistan

The structure and rate of late Miocene expansion of C4 plants: Evidence from lateral variation in stable isotopes in paleosols of the Siwalik Group, northern Pakistan

Formation and persistence of Mollisols on zeolitic Deccan basalt of humid tropical India

Effect of long-term nutrient management practices on soil micronutrient concentrations and uptake under a rice–wheat cropping system

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