Mollicutes-related infections in thoracic surgery including lung and heart transplantation: A systematic review

The complete genome sequence of unculturable Mycoplasma faucium obtained through clinical metagenomic next-generation sequencing

“…With the growing number of patients experiencing various types of immunodeficiencies, there is an increasing number of reports regarding the isolation of Mycoplasmas from organs that differ from their usual habitats ( Glanville, 2021 ; Farfour et al., 2024 ). In recent years, Mycoplasmas have been increasingly documented as the causative agents of post-surgical infections in solid organ transplantation, especially in thoracic surgery, including lung and heart transplantation ( Farfour et al., 2024 ; Tam et al., 2024 ). In these cases, the overall mortality rate is notably high, which may, in part, be attributed to delays in diagnosing the underlying cause ( Farfour et al., 2024 ).…”

“…In recent years, Mycoplasmas have been increasingly documented as the causative agents of post-surgical infections in solid organ transplantation, especially in thoracic surgery, including lung and heart transplantation ( Farfour et al., 2024 ; Tam et al., 2024 ). In these cases, the overall mortality rate is notably high, which may, in part, be attributed to delays in diagnosing the underlying cause ( Farfour et al., 2024 ). However, the true prevalence of Mycoplasma species in lung and heart transplant infections may be underestimated.…”

“…In such cases, identification relies on molecular methods, including genus or species-specific PCR, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and whole genome sequencing ( Volokhov et al., 2006 ; Alcorn et al., 2021 ; Waites et al., 2023 ). However, those molecular methods are not routinely available ( Farfour et al., 2024 ).…”

“…Mycoplasmas typically display organ and tissue specificity (Razin et al, 1998). With the growing number of patients experiencing various types of immunodeficiencies, there is an increasing number of reports regarding the isolation of Mycoplasmas from organs that differ from their usual habitats (Glanville, 2021;Farfour et al, 2024). In recent years, Mycoplasmas have been increasingly documented as the causative agents of postsurgical infections in solid organ transplantation, especially in thoracic surgery, including lung and heart transplantation (Farfour et al, 2024;Tam et al, 2024).…”

“…This underestimation is due to challenges in diagnosis, as the infecting (Volokhov et al, 2006;Alcorn et al, 2021;Waites et al, 2023). However, those molecular methods are not routinely available (Farfour et al, 2024).…”