Molecularly Stratified Treatment Options in Primary Refractory DLBCL/HGBL with MYC and BCL2 or BCL6 Rearrangements (HGBL, NOS with MYC/BCL6)

Abstract

Background There is growing evidence supporting multidisciplinary molecular tumor boards (MTB) in solid tumors whereas hematologic malignancies remain underrepresented in this regard. Objective The present study aimed to assess the clinical relevance of MTBs in primary refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphomas/high-grade B-cell lymphomas with MYC and BCL2 rearrangements (prDLBCL/HGBL- MYC/BCL2 ) ( n = 13) and HGBL, not otherwise specified (NOS), with MYC and BCL6 rearrangements (prHGBL, NOS- MYC/BCL6 ) ( n = 6) based on our previously published whole-exome sequencing (WES) cohort. Patients and Methods For genomic analysis, the institutional MTB WES pipeline (University Cancer Center Schleswig-Holstein: UCCSH), certified for routine clinical diagnostics, was employed and supplemented by a comprehensive immunohistochemical work-up. Consecutive database research and annotation according to established evidence levels for molecularly stratified therapies was performed (NCT-DKTK/ESCAT). Results Molecularly tailored treatment options with NCT-DKTK evidence level of at least m2A were identified in each case. We classified mutations in accordance with biomarker/treatment baskets and detected a heterogeneous spectrum of targetable alterations affecting immune evasion (IE; n = 30), B-cell targets (BCT; n = 26), DNA damage repair (DDR; n = 20), tyrosine kinases (TK; n = 13), cell cycle (CC; n = 7), PI3K-MTOR-AKT pathway (PAM; n = 2), RAF-MEK-ERK cascade (RME; n = 1), and others (OTH; n = 11). Conclusion Our virtual MTB approach identified potential molecularly targeted treatment options alongside targetable genomic signatures for both prDLBCL/HGBL- MYC/BCL2 and prHGBL, NOS- MYC/BCL6 . These results underline the potential of MTB consultations in difficult-to-treat lymphomas early in the treatment sequence. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11523-023-00983-5.