Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Coated Probe Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Determines Phorbol Esters and Deoxyphorbol Metabolites in Jatropha curcas Leaves

Abstract

In this study, a molecularly imprinted polymer-coated probe electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MIPCPESI-MS) method was developed for detection of phorbol esters (PEs) and deoxyphorbol metabolites in Jatropha curcas leaves. Such an approach was established by sticking on a metallic needle a molecularly imprinted polymer to particularly design a MIP-coated probe for selective sampling and ioni zation of PEs and deoxyphorbol metabolites. By a subsequent application of a high voltage and methanol, as spray solvent, ESI was generated for direct and rapid analysis under ambient and open-air conditions. MIP-coated probe exhibited a high sampling capacity of the PEs and its metabolites in methanolic extracts of J. curcas leaves compared with the non-imprinted polymer (NIP)-coated probe. MIPCPESI-MS allowed the detection of phorbol 12,13-diacetate (PDA) from J. curcas leaves with minimal sample preparation, and with detection limit and quantification reaching 0.28 μg/mL and 0.92 μg/mL, respectively. Also, good linearity was obtained with R 2 > 0.99 and precision and accuracy values between 4.06-13.49% and − 1.60 to − 15.26%, respectively. The current method was successfully applied to screening methanolic extracts of six different J. curcas leaf genotypes (three toxic and three non-toxic). PDA and three PE deoxyphorbol metabolites were identified only from toxic genotypes, in which PDA was determined with concentration ranging from 222.19 ± 23.55 to 528.23 ± 19.72 μg/g. All these findings support that the MIPCPESI-MS method developed here has a high potential for the analysis of PEs in plant extracts enabling differentiation of toxic and non-toxic genotypes earlier in the leaves.

A New Strategy for the Analysis of Steroid Hormones in Industrial Wastewaters by Paper Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

“…In addition, the intraday accuracy ranged from −2.1 to −5.1% and the interday from 0.5 to 8.9%. These results are consistent with previous reports using LC–MS , and ambient MS approaches ,− in which the accuracy and precision variations are expected to be below 20%.…”

Analysis of food samples made easy by microextraction technologies directly coupled to mass spectrometry

“…Bernardo et al recently reported the use of probe ESI (PESI) needles coated with molecular imprinted polymers and polypyrrole for the determination of phorbol esters (PEs) on Jatropha curcas extract (a material with a high potential for application in animal feed, yet not used because of the toxicity of PE) 38 . When compared with traditional PESI and the nonimprinted polymer, the SPME‐like probes excelled, 39 and LOQ of 920 ng mL −1 were reported with both devices for phorbol 12,13‐diacetate.…”

Development of Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Coupled Nanospray Ion Source for Analysis of Cephalosporin Antibiotics in Food Samples

“…These nanomaterials possess large surface areas, specific interactions, and high adsorption capacities, which enable the selective extraction of the analytes of interest from complex matrices . In addition, the cost-effective synthetic methods allow these sorbents coated on solid substrates, such as wooden tips, stainless steel, and tungsten wire, to expand the application of AIMS. , Among various nanomaterial based adsorbents, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) draw special interest due to their well-known high selectivity. , Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) has high extraction efficiency compared to other types of SPE techniques. The sorbents were directly dispersed into the liquid sample or extract, which afforded rapid extraction of analytes in MSPE.…”