Molecular Weight Distributions of Soluble Organic Matter in Various Secondary and Tertiary Effluents

Amy, Gary L.; Bryant, Curtis W.; Belyani, Mosen

doi:10.2166/wst.1987.0232

Cited by 33 publications

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“…The DOC of untreated domestic wastewater is typically approximately 100 mg/L, while the DOC of secondary effluents is typically approximately 10 mg/L, with humic substances accounting for up to 50% of the DOC observed in secondary effluents. Secondary effluents contain organic matter with molecular weights ranging from less than 500 to greater than 100 000 daltons (Amy et al, 1987a). The use of chlorine in the disinfection of effluents results in the production of simple chlorination byproducts such as chloroform as well as a heterogeneous mixture of chloro-humics and chloro-proteins that can be measured as TOX (Chow andRoberts, 1979, andSuzuki andNakanishi, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of chlorination byproducts and nitrogen species during effluent recharge and soil aquifer treatment (SAT)

Amy¹,

Wilson²,

Conroy³

et al. 1993

Water Environment Research

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A pilot-scale study was conducted under field conditions to determine the potential role of soil aquifer treatment (SAT) in renovating wastewater effluent to potable water quality. Instrumented test basins were used to evaluate water quality transformations through the upper vadose zone during effluent recharge. Samples of either chlorinated secondary or reclaimed (tertiary) effluent were obtained from suction samplers situated in two separate test basins at depths of up to 6.1 m (20 ft). Samples were characterized according to dissolved organic carbon (DOC), a measurement of dissolved organic matter, and total organic halide (TOX), a measurement of chlorination byproducts. Average DOC and TOX removals were 50% and 40%, respectively, for secondary source water; slightly higher removals were observed for tertiary source water. Performance was found to be affected by operational factors; variations in DOC and TOX removal were observed within a wetting cycle as well as from cycle to cycle. Significant nitrification occurred during drying cycles between flooding cycles, resulting in an initial wave of high nitrate in the percolating water. Water Environ. Res., 65, 726 (1993).Southwestern municipalities faced with impending water shortages recognize the need to reuse treated effluent. Recharge and recovery of effluent balances out seasonal needs for nonpotable irrigation water. Also, when combined with soil aquifer treatment (SAT), groundwater recharge becomes an adjunct to standard treatment technologies, potentially leading to potable reuse. A major concern in SAT schemes is the fate and transport of trace organics during deep percolation of wastewater. A secondary concern relates to nitrogen species. This paper will review the results of a short-term study of fate and transport processes during deep percolation of chlorinated secondary and tertiary effluent applied to instrumented pilot-scale test basins at Tucson, Arizona, and discuss implications for potable water recovery. ObjectivesThe general objective of the research reported below was to determine the fate of wastewater effluent organic matter, as measured by dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and chlorinated organics, as measured by total organic halide (TOX) through a SAT system. Specific objectives were to:• delineate the potential role of SAT in the potable reuse of effluent;• develop well-characterized, instrumented, pilot-scale test basins to evaluate SAT through the vadose zone;• develop time-dependent depth profiles of DOC and TOX;• evaluate the effects of wetting/drying cycles on performance and, within a given wetting cycle, evaluate the effects of time;• contrast secondary versus tertiary effluent as a source water, and provide a qualitative understanding of sorption versus microbiological phenomena; and• define variations in infiltration rates from cycle to cycle and within a given cycle.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of chlorination byproducts and nitrogen species during effluent recharge and soil aquifer treatment (SAT)

Amy¹,

Wilson²,

Conroy³

et al. 1993

Water Environment Research

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“…Analysis of the sBOD 5 and bDOC molecular size fractions indicates that a high percentage of biodegradable wastewater components had a molecular weight of Ͻ1K. Earlier measurements of DOC at this and other sites in Tucson and surrounding areas (Amy et al, 1987) suggest that a large fraction of material with LMW is typical for this region. The reasons for the high concentration of these small molecular weight compounds is not known but could be caused by a combination of warm wastewater temperatures and long travel times of wastewater to the treatment plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Despite the observation of the dependence of the reactor performance on compound diffusivities, and therefore molecule size, there has been relatively little effort directed at predicting reactor performance based on molecular size distributions of the dissolved OM. Size distributions of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) have been measured for trickling filters and other wastewater treatment systems (Amy et al, 1987;Confer et al, 1995;Levine et al, 1985;Logan and Jiang, 1993;and Marquet et al, 1999), but no attempts have been made to determine the removal of the biodegradable fraction of OM or to model the reactor performance in terms of this experimental data based on DOC size distributions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Size Distributions of Dissolved Organic Matter in Wastewater Transformed by Treatment in a Full‐Scale Trickling Filter

Logan¹,

Wagenseller

2000

Water Environment Research

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The performance of biofilm reactors is primarily limited by the rate of diffusion of biodegradable molecules into the biofilm. Wastewater entering and leaving a trickling filter was therefore separated into three molecular weight size fractions of <1000 daltons (<1K), 1 to 10K, and >10K to <0.45 μm, and the concentration of 5‐day soluble biochemical oxygen demand (sBOD5) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were measured for each size fraction. On average, a large percentage of both the sBOD5 (82%) and DOC (78%) was contained in the smallest size fraction (<1K). Removal rates of sBOD5 were high. Influent sBOD5 values were reduced from 27.3 to 33.3 mg/L to 4 mg/L in the effluent. A comparison of a trickling filter model (TRIFIL2) indicated that removal rates of sBOD5 were much greater at this site than was typical of other trickling filters treating domestic wastewater. The large concentration of this small molecular weight fraction was believed to account for greater than normal removal rates. To demonstrate this, the molecular size distributions assumed in the trickling filter model TRIFIL2 were adjusted to fit the measured size distributions. The measured average removal of 92% compared well to the 93% removal predicted by the TRIFIL2 model with these measured molecular size distributions. These measurements and model simulations demonstrate that the performance of trickling filters can be linked directly to physical characteristics of the wastewater such as the molecular size distribution of biodegradable organic matter.

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“…In addition, they play a role in suppling organic substrate to heterotrophs and exert a critical influence on the flux rate achieved in the membrane filtration of activated sludge suspensions (Amy et al, 1987). Lu et al (2001) divided MPs into two new species, utilization-associated products (UAPs) and biomass-associated products (BAPs), and for the sake of model simplicity and rapid calculation, included both in a modified ASM1 as SMPs (soluble microbial products).…”

Section: Microbial Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of the concept of microbial product formation into ASM3 and the modeling of a membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment

Oliveira-Esquerre

Narita

Yamato

et al. 2006

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-This paper proposes a modification of ASM3 in a way that takes into account the process of production and consumption of microbial products (MPs) in a submerged membrane bioreactor fed with the effluent of a particular precoagulation sedimentation unit. A comparative representation of the modeling results obtained with ASM3 and ASM1 is performed and it highlights the importance of considering the process of storage of organic substrate, including MPs, as a prior step to bacterial growth. In addition to the suspended solids and microorganisms, various soluble organic substances, which might be either undecomposed organic substances contained in the raw water or MPs, are assumed to be selectively retained within the bioreactor. The results show that the carbonaceous materials are more accurately estimated by ASM3, while ASM1 performs slightly better than ASM3 in the estimation of nitrate. The estimated MP concentration in the mixed liquor and permeate agrees with the experimental evidence, and as expected, MPs play a role in supplying organic substrate to heterotrophs in both ASM1 and ASM3.

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Molecular Weight Distributions of Soluble Organic Matter in Various Secondary and Tertiary Effluents

Cited by 33 publications

References 0 publications

Fate of chlorination byproducts and nitrogen species during effluent recharge and soil aquifer treatment (SAT)

Fate of chlorination byproducts and nitrogen species during effluent recharge and soil aquifer treatment (SAT)

Molecular Size Distributions of Dissolved Organic Matter in Wastewater Transformed by Treatment in a Full‐Scale Trickling Filter

Incorporation of the concept of microbial product formation into ASM3 and the modeling of a membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment

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