Molecular tools separate harmful algal bloom species, Karenia mikimotoi, from different geographical regions into distinct sub-groups

Al-Kandari, Manal; Highfield, Andrea; Hall, Matt; Hayes, Paul K.; Schroeder, Declan C.

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2011.04.017

Cited by 27 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…(Table 2). These results are in line with divergence values between 0.010 -0.019 previously used for the description of Karenia papilionacea phylotypes (Yamaguchi et al, 2016) and well supported by the use of two sets of data sequences (Al-Kandari et al, 2011). Interestingly, pairwise genetic distances between the Chilean_2018 sequences and the single sequence obtained from the 1999 outbreak (CH_1999) showed the highest values in LSU rDNA D1-D2 region (0.017) compared to the ITS region (0.002) (See Tables 2A and 2B for genetic divergence values among phylotypes).…”

Section: Comparative Molecular Phylogeny and Morphologysupporting

confidence: 90%

Unraveling the Karenia selliformis complex with the description of a non-gymnodimine producing Patagonian phylotype

et al. 2020

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Section: Comparative Molecular Phylogeny and Morphologysupporting

confidence: 90%

Unraveling the Karenia selliformis complex with the description of a non-gymnodimine producing Patagonian phylotype

et al. 2020

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“…For 2 species, Karenia mikimotoi and Heterocapsa arctica , the sequences were not identical, but within species-OTU boundaries at PWD = 0.6%. Cryptic speciation has been observed for K. mikimotoi [45] and may be an explanation for the variance observed in H. arctica .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Evaluating the Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) as a Candidate Dinoflagellate Barcode Marker

et al. 2012

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BackgroundDNA barcoding offers an efficient way to determine species identification and to measure biodiversity. For dinoflagellates, an ancient alveolate group of about 2000 described extant species, DNA barcoding studies have revealed large amounts of unrecognized species diversity, most of which is not represented in culture collections. To date, two mitochondrial gene markers, Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) and Cytochrome b oxidase (COB), have been used to assess DNA barcoding in dinoflagellates, and both failed to amplify all taxa and suffered from low resolution. Nevertheless, both genes yielded many examples of morphospecies showing cryptic speciation and morphologically distinct named species being genetically similar, highlighting the need for a common marker. For example, a large number of cultured Symbiodinium strains have neither taxonomic identification, nor a common measure of diversity that can be used to compare this genus to other dinoflagellates.Methodology/Principal FindingsThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the Internal Transcribed Spacer units 1 and 2 (ITS) of the rDNA operon, as a high resolution marker for distinguishing species dinoflagellates in culture. In our study, from 78 different species, the ITS barcode clearly differentiated species from genera and could identify 96% of strains to a known species or sub-genus grouping. 8.3% showed evidence of being cryptic species. A quarter of strains identified had no previous species identification. The greatest levels of hidden biodiversity came from Scrippsiella and the Pfiesteriaceae family, whilst Heterocapsa strains showed a high level of mismatch to their given species name.Conclusions/SignificanceThe ITS marker was successful in confirming species, revealing hidden diversity in culture collections. This marker, however, may have limited use for environmental barcoding due to paralogues, the potential for unidentifiable chimaeras and priming across taxa. In these cases ITS would serve well in combination with other markers or for specific taxon studies.

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“…Partensky et al (1988) as well as Chang (1996) suggested that differences observed in DNA content and the formation of small cells in culture was a basis for separation of the Asian and European strains, although molecular studies using partial LSU rDNA sequences could not support this (Guillou et al, 2002;Hansen et al, 2000). A recent in depth molecular study using concatenated rDNA and ITS sequences as well as the rbcL genes suggest the separation of K. mikimotoi into two different subgroups with K. mikimotoi from Europe and New Zealand being more closely related than isolates from Japan (Al-Kandari et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Karenia: The biology and ecology of a toxic genus

2012

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Molecular tools separate harmful algal bloom species, Karenia mikimotoi, from different geographical regions into distinct sub-groups

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Unraveling the Karenia selliformis complex with the description of a non-gymnodimine producing Patagonian phylotype

Unraveling the Karenia selliformis complex with the description of a non-gymnodimine producing Patagonian phylotype

Evaluating the Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) as a Candidate Dinoflagellate Barcode Marker

Karenia: The biology and ecology of a toxic genus

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