Molecular Testing in Lung Cancer

Shiau, Carolyn J; Tsao, Ming‐Sound

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800886-7.00023-6

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 341 publications

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Section: Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common genetic mutations that cause melanoma occur in the BRAF oncogene, which essentially controls the growth of the cell and alters proteins in order to regulate cell growth [9]. A mutation in the BRAF gene cannot be inherited and is most commonly found in the younger population [9]. The BRAF gene, found on chromosome 7q34, codes for the serine/threonine protein kinase, an enzyme that programs cell death and cell growth [9].…”

Section: Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A mutation in the BRAF gene cannot be inherited and is most commonly found in the younger population [9]. The BRAF gene, found on chromosome 7q34, codes for the serine/threonine protein kinase, an enzyme that programs cell death and cell growth [9].…”

Section: Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BRAF is a 2949 base pair sequence that codes for 766 amino acid peptides and is located on the 18th exon [9]. There are two types of BRAF gene mutations, V600E and the non-V600E [9].…”

Section: Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Melanoma Diagnosis Using Dermoscopy Images Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks

Marrapu

2024

Preprint

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Melanoma is a type of skin cancer, the most dangerous one with over 200,000 new cases in the United States annually. Background: Melanoma can affect a wide range of people and can be affected by different risk factors, although the exact cause is unknown. There are several diagnosis methods currently used by doctors in a traditional method of diagnosis. These methods of diagnosis come with different disadvantages and drawbacks, therefore, decreasing the accuracy and effectiveness of the diagnosis. The drawbacks that occur with the traditional, manual diagnosis are misdiagnosis of melanoma, low accuracy in diagnosis, the abundance of time, and human errors. The automation of melanoma diagnosis can benefit many people, both doctors, and patients, in several different ways. Methods: The usage of new technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence, can increase the effectiveness and accuracy of diagnosis. This paper proposes an Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning model that diagnoses melanoma with more accuracy and less time at an early stage. It is essentially a mobile application that can be integrated with a handheld dermatoscope to capture dermoscopy images to diagnose melanoma using the pre-trained Machine Learning model. The pre-trained model uses several images in order to produce accurate and effective results. Results: The model has a 99% accuracy rate and can produce results of the diagnosis within a few seconds of time. Conclusions: This method of diagnosis can eliminate manual errors in diagnosis and can also reduce the several weeks of wait time needed for manual melanoma diagnosis results.

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Section: Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BRAF is a 2949 base pair sequence that codes for 766 amino acid peptides and is located on the 18th exon [9]. There are two types of BRAF gene mutations, V600E and the non-V600E [9].…”

Section: Melaninmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Melanoma Diagnosis Using Dermoscopy Images Utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks

Marrapu

2024

Preprint

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“…It exhibits robust anti-tumor efficacy in patients with ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer. Generally, it increases ALK selectivity approximately 20 times more potently than the first generation ALK-targeted compound, crizotinib ( 2 ). In crizotinib-resistant mutants, ceritinib can inhibit the activity of ALK mutants, including Leu1196Met, Gly1269Ala, Ile1171Thr, and Ser1206Tyr.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceritinib (LDK378) prevents bone loss via suppressing Akt and NF-κB-induced osteoclast formation

Cao

Kong

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundCeritinib is used for the treatment of patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), who are at the risk of developing bone metastasis. During bone metastasis, tumor cells release factors that induce osteoclast formation, resulting in osteolysis. However, the effect of ceritinib on osteoclast formation remains unclear.MethodsOsteoclastogenesis was induced to assess the effect of ceritinib on osteoclast formation and osteoclast-specific gene expression. Western blotting was used to examine the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of ceritinib on osteoclast differentiation. An in vivo ovariectomized mouse model was established to validate the effect of ceritinib in suppressing osteoclast formation and preventing bone loss.ResultsThe differentiation of osteoclasts and the expression of osteoclast-specific genes were inhibited upon ceritinib stimulation. Ceritinib suppressed Akt and p65 phosphorylation during the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis. The administration of ceritinib to ovariectomized mice ameliorated trabecular bone loss by inhibiting osteoclast formation.ConclusionsCeritinib is beneficial in preventing bone loss by suppressing osteoclastic Akt and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling.

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