Molecular systematics and taxonomy reveal three new wood-inhabiting fungal species (Basidiomycota) from southern China

Abstract

Three new wood-inhabiting fungal species, Lyomyces australis, L. lancangjiangensis and Mycobernardia yunnanensis are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Lyomyces australis is characterized by a smooth hymenophore, a monomitic hyphal system with the generative hyphae having clamp connections, the presence of fusoid cystidia, and ellipsoid basidiospores (4–5.3 × 2.5–3 µm); L. lancangjiangensis is characterized by a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, fusiform and capitate cystidia, and ellipsoid basidiospores (4.5–5.8 × 2.8–4.5 µm). Mycobernardia yunnanensis is characterized by a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, and allantoid basidiospores (4.5–6.3 × 2–3 µm). Sequences of ITS and nLSU rDNA markers of the studied samples were generated and phylogenetic analyses were performed with the maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. The phylogram inferred from the ITS dataset revealed that L. australis formed a monophyletic lineage and was grouped closely with L. crustosus, L. juniperi, L. niveus and L. ochraceoalbus. Additionally, L. lancangjiangensis grouped closely with L. albopulverulentus and L. bambusinus with strong supports. Sequences of the ITS + LSU rDNA markers of seven genera related to the genus Mycobernardia within the families Corticiaceae were generated and carried out the phylogenetic analyses, in which the result of the phylogenetic analysis indicated that the new species belong to the genus Mycobernardia, and the species M. yunnanensis was sister to M. incrustan.