Molecular Survey of Vector-Borne Pathogens in Ticks, Sheep Keds, and Domestic Animals from Ngawa, Southwest China

Lu, Miao; Tian, Jingkui; Zhao, Hongqing; Jiang, Hai; Qin, Xin-Cheng; Wang, Wen; Li, Kun

doi:10.3390/pathogens11050606

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…For the groEL gene, they were 100% identical to the uncultured Rickettsia sp. clone tick 28 we previously identified in Ngawa in Sichuan Province, which also represents a Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis strain [ 15 ] ( Figure 2 ). In the phylogenetic tree based on concatenated sequences ( Supplementary Material Figure S1 ), all the strains were closely related to Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis strain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Diversity of Rickettsiales in Rhipicephalus microplus Ticks Collected in Domestic Ruminants in Guizhou Province, China

Meng

Gao³

et al. 2022

Pathogens

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Rhipicephalus microplus ticks are vectors for multiple pathogens infecting animals and humans. Although the medical importance of R. microplus has been well-recognized and studied in most areas of China, the occurrence of tick-borne Rickettsiales has seldom been investigated in Guizhou Province, Southwest China. In this study, we collected 276 R. microplus ticks from cattle (209 ticks) and goats (67 ticks) in three locations of Guizhou Province. The Rickettsia, Anaplasma, and Ehrlichia were detected by targeting the 16S rRNA gene and were further characterized by amplifying the key genes. One Rickettsia (Ca. Rickettsia jingxinensis), three Ehrlichia (E. canis, E. minasensis, Ehrlichia sp.), and four Anaplasma (A. capra, A. ovis, A. marginale, Ca. Anaplasma boleense) species were detected, and their gltA and groEL genes were recovered. Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis, a spotted fever group of Rickettsia, was detected in a high proportion of the tested ticks (88.89%, 100%, and 100% in ticks from the three locations, respectively), suggesting the possibility that animals may be exposed to this type of Rickettsia. All the 16S, gltA, groEL, and ompA sequences of these strains are 100% identical to strains reported in Ngawa, Sichuan Province. E. minasensis, A. marginale, and Candidatus Anaplasma boleense are known to infect livestock such as cattle. The potential effects on local husbandry should be considered. Notably, E. canis, A. ovis, and A. capra have been reported to infect humans. The relatively high positive rates in Qianxinan (20.99%, 9.88%, and 4.94%, respectively) may indicate the potential risk to local populations. Furthermore, the genetic analysis indicated that the E. minasensis strains in this study may represent a variant or recombinant. Our results indicated the extensive diversity of Rickettsiales in R. microplus ticks from Guizhou Province. The possible occurrence of rickettsiosis, ehrlichiosis, and anaplasmosis in humans and domestic animals in this area should be further considered and investigated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Rickettsia was detected using the protocol previously shown in [ 10 ], generating approximately 900 bp of PCR product. The Anaplasmataceae bacteria including Ehrlichia , and Anaplasma were detected using the primers as shown [ 15 ], generating approximately 400 bp of PCR product. Here, ddH 2 O was set as the negative control for each PCR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Rickettsiales in Rhipicephalus microplus Ticks Collected in Domestic Ruminants in Guizhou Province, China

Meng

Gao³

et al. 2022

Pathogens

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“…Two Rickettsia species were detected in tick samples: Rickettsia monacensis and “ Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis”. As a widely distributed spotted fever group Rickettsia , “ Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis” has been detected in R. microplus and H. longicornis from multiple provinces in China (Liaoning, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hebei, Shaanxi, and Yunnan) and other Asian countries (Korea and India) [ 16 , 17 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Our results have demonstrated the circulation of “ Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis” in Guizhou Province.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The citrate synthase gene ( gltA , 996 bp), 60 kDa chaperonin gene ( groEL , 1026–1030 bp), outer membrane protein A gene ( ompA , 706–718 bp), as well as a longer fragment of rrs gene (1214–1215 bp), were successfully amplified from the randomly selected Rickettsia -positive samples using primers as shown previously [ 16 , 17 ]. For the detected Candidatus Lariskella isolates, primers amplifying the gltA (456 bp) and groEL (651 bp) genes were designed ( Table S1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia and Candidatus Lariskella in Multiple Tick Species from Guizhou Province, China

Meng

Zhang

et al. 2022

Biomolecules

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Rickettsiales (Rickettsia spp., Ehrlichia spp., and Anaplasma spp., etc.) are generally recognized as potentially emerging tick-borne pathogens. However, some bacteria and areas in China remain uninvestigated. In this study, we collected 113 ticks from mammals in Guizhou Province, Southwest China, and screened for the Rickettsiales bacteria. Subsequently, two spotted fever group Rickettsia species and one Candidatus Lariskella sp. were detected and characterized. “Candidatus Rickettsia jingxinensis” was detected in Rhipicephalus microplus (1/1), Haemaphysalis flava (1/3, 33.33%), Haemaphysalis kitaokai (1/3), and Ixodes sinensis (4/101, 3.96%), whereas Rickettsia monacensis was positive in H. flava (1/3), H. kitaokai (2/3), and I. sinensis ticks (74/101, 73.27%). At least two variants/sub-genotypes were identified in the R. monacensis isolates, and the strikingly high prevalence of R. monacensis may suggest a risk of human infection. Unexpectedly, a Candidatus Lariskella sp. belonging to the family Candidatus Midichloriaceae was detected from Ixodes ovatus (1/4) and I. sinensis (10/101, 9.90%). The gltA and groEL gene sequences were successfully obtained, and they show the highest (74.63–74.89% and 73.31%) similarities to “Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii”, respectively. Herein, we name the species “Candidatus Lariskella guizhouensis”. These may be the first recovered gltA and groEL sequences of the genus Candidatus Lariskella.

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“…M. ovinus infection results in skin damage, anemia, inflammation, wool loss, and subsequent secondary bacterial infections and cutaneous myiasis [ 2 , 4 ]. M. ovinus has been reported to serve as potential vectors of zoonotic pathogens including Bluetongue virus, Trypanosoma spp., Bartonella spp., Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi , Border disease virus, Rickettsia spp., Theileria spp [ 5 – 10 ]. Recent studies on the species have mainly focused on the diversity of pathogenic organisms carried by M. ovinus [ 3 ] and gut microbiota and obligate endosymbiont [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genome of sheep ked (Melophagus ovinus) reveals potential mechanisms underlying reproduction and narrower ecological niches

et al. 2023

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Background Melophagus ovinus is considered to be of great veterinary health significance. However, little is known about the information on genetic mechanisms of the specific biological characteristics and novel methods for controlling M. ovinus. Results In total, the de novo genome assembly of M. ovinus was 188.421 Mb in size (330 scaffolds, N50 Length: 10.666 Mb), with a mean GC content of 27.74%. A total of 13,372 protein-coding genes were functionally annotated. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the diversification of M. ovinus and Glossina fuscipes took place 72.76 Mya within the Late Cretaceous. Gene family expansion and contraction analysis revealed that M. ovinus has 65 rapidly-evolving families (26 expansion and 39 contractions) mainly involved DNA metabolic activity, transposases activity, odorant receptor 59a/67d-like, IMD domain-containing protein, and cuticle protein, etc. The universal and tightly conserved list of milk protein orthologues has been assembled from the genome of M. ovinus. Contractions and losses of sensory receptors and vision-associated Rhodopsin genes were significant in M. ovinus, which indicate that the M. ovinus has narrower ecological niches. Conclusions We sequenced, assembled, and annotated the whole genome sequence of M. ovinus, and launches into the preliminary genetic mechanisms analysis of the adaptive evolution characteristics of M. ovinus. These resources will provide insights to understand the biological underpinnings of this parasite and the disease control strategies.

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Molecular Survey of Vector-Borne Pathogens in Ticks, Sheep Keds, and Domestic Animals from Ngawa, Southwest China

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Diversity of Rickettsiales in Rhipicephalus microplus Ticks Collected in Domestic Ruminants in Guizhou Province, China

Diversity of Rickettsiales in Rhipicephalus microplus Ticks Collected in Domestic Ruminants in Guizhou Province, China

Prevalence of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia and Candidatus Lariskella in Multiple Tick Species from Guizhou Province, China

The genome of sheep ked (Melophagus ovinus) reveals potential mechanisms underlying reproduction and narrower ecological niches

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