Molecular Shield for Protection of Buckwheat Plants from UV-B Radiation

Kreft, Ivan; Vollmannová, Alena; Lidiková, Judita; Musilová, Janette; Germ, Mateja; Golob, Aleksandra; Vombergar, Blanka; Ačko, D. K.; Luthar, Zlata

doi:10.3390/molecules27175577

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Flavonoids are found in the plant cell as soluble free compounds and in a form bound to the cell wall [ 62 ]. They are important for protecting plants from pests and diseases, rutin is especially important for protecting plants from harmful UV radiation [ 63 ]. In the case of our research, the total flavonoid content of Betula free PC pollen extracts accounted for 60% of the total phenolic compounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Phenolic Compounds in Betula and Pinus Pollen

Kerienė

Šaulienė

Šukienė

et al. 2023

Plants

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In this study, phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activity in the pollen of anemophilous Betula and Pinus were determined. Spectrophotometric, high-performance thin-layer and liquid chromatography methods were applied. Free phenolic compounds (free PC) and phenolic compounds bound to the cell wall (bound PC) were analysed in the pollen extracts. Regardless of the pollen species, their content was 20% higher than that in bound PC extracts. Pinus pollen extracts contained 2.5 times less phenolic compounds compared to Betula. Free PC extraction from the deeper layers of Pinus pollen was minimal; the same content of phenolic compounds was obtained in both types of extracts. The bioactivity of pollen (p < 0.05) is related to the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in Betula free PC and in bound PC, and only in free PC extracts of Pinus. Rutin, chlorogenic and trans-ferulic acids were characterised by antioxidant activity. Phenolic acids accounted for 70–94%, while rutin constituted 2–3% of the total amount in the extracts. One of the dominant phenolic acids was trans-ferulic acid in all the Betula and Pinus samples. The specific compounds were vanillic and chlorogenic acids of Betula pollen extracts, while Pinus extracts contained gallic acid. The data obtained for the phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity of Betula and Pinus pollen can be useful for modelling food chains in ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Phenolic Compounds in Betula and Pinus Pollen

Kerienė

Šaulienė

Šukienė

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Plants of common and tartary buckwheat survived at high altitudes by gradually accumulating genes for secondary metabolite synthesis, which allowed the plants to survive and reproduce in the less favorable environment. The richness and diversity of tartary buckwheat compounds protect plants from UV radiation, pathogens, and grazing (Kreft et al, 2022).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Values, Bioactive Compounds and Antinutrients in Tartary and Common Buckwheat Leaves

Joshi,

Giri,

Biswas

et al. 2023

IJPGR

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Among the millets grown in the Himalayan region of India, common and tartary buckwheat are the most cultivated species. Due to its extensive nutritional and antioxidant characteristics, buckwheat is attracting much interest, especially in producing nutrient-rich healthy foods. The objective of this study was to investigate nutritional values (protein, lysine, arginine and tryptophan content), bioactive compounds (total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and rutin content) and antinutrients (phytate, tannin and oxalate) in tartary and common buckwheat leaves. Till now, very little information is available on the phytochemical constituents of buckwheat leaves as compared to the seeds. Common buckwheat leaves contain significantly (p < 0.05) more protein (22.21 ± 0.23 gm/100 g), lysine (12.41 ± 0.41 gm/ 100 g protein), arginine (6.61 ± 0.29 gm/100 g protein) and tryptophan (3.58 ± 0.36 gm/100 g protein) content then tartary buckwheat. There were relatively minor differences in the contents of amino acids. The results showed that the phenol (1768.16 ± 0.78 mg GAE/100 g), flavonoid (678.31 ± 0.27 mg QE/100 g), total antioxidant activity (52.89 ± 0.77 mg/100 g), rutin (11.32 ± 0.10 gm/100 gm), phytate (2.84 ± 0.07 gm/100 gm), tannin (2.76 ± 0.08 gm/100 gm), and oxalate (4.27 ± 0.03 gm/100 gm) content of the tartary buckwheat samples were significantly (p < 0.05) higher as compared to that of the common buckwheat leaves. On the basis of this study, it can be concluded that tartary buckwheat leaves are superior as green vegetables compared to common buckwheat for preventative nutrition.

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“…Along with the pest, the incidence of huanglongbing has also been found to decline with altitude [ 35 , 82 , 83 ]. The Himalayan region is characterised as an area that receives high amounts of UV radiation [ 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 ], and the absence of D. citri at the higher altitudes found in the study by Om et al [ 35 ] may be due to amounts passing a critical dose sufficient to either directly affect the insect or through indirect effects on its host plants or microbiome. ‘ Candidatus Carsonella ruddii’, the primary endosymbiont of psyllids [ 90 , 91 ], lacks the ability to repair damaged DNA [ 92 ], which may render it susceptible to UV radiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Diaphorina citri to Irradiation with UV-A and UV-B and the Applicability of the Bunsen–Roscoe Reciprocity Law

Parajuli

Beattie

Holford

et al. 2023

Insects

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Populations of Diaphorina citri decline with elevation and, in a study in Bhutan, were rarely found above 1200 m ASL. The impact of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, particularly UV-B, on immature stages of the psyllid was proposed as limiting factor. As no studies have been undertaken on the influences of UV radiation on the development of D. citri, we examined the effects of UV-A and UV-B on different stadia of the psyllid. In addition, compliance with the Bunsen–Roscoe reciprocity law was examined. Irradiation with UV-A marginally reduced egg hatch and the survival times of emerging nymphs. Early instar nymphs were little affected by this waveband, but the survival of adults was reduced at the higher doses used. With UV-B, egg hatch and the survival times of early and late instar nymphs declined in proportion to UV-B dose. A dose of 57.6 kJ m−2 d−1 reduced the survival time of only adult females. Female fecundity was reduced at high UV-A and UV-B doses but increased at low doses. The Bunsen–Roscoe law held true for eggs and early instar nymphs for different durations and irradiances of UV-B. Eggs and nymphs had ED50 values for UV-B lower than the daily fluxes of this wavelength experienced worldwide. Thus, UV-B could be a factor causing the psyllid to be scarce at high elevations.

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Molecular Shield for Protection of Buckwheat Plants from UV-B Radiation

Cited by 10 publications

References 84 publications

Patterns of Phenolic Compounds in Betula and Pinus Pollen

Patterns of Phenolic Compounds in Betula and Pinus Pollen

Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Values, Bioactive Compounds and Antinutrients in Tartary and Common Buckwheat Leaves

Susceptibility of Diaphorina citri to Irradiation with UV-A and UV-B and the Applicability of the Bunsen–Roscoe Reciprocity Law

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