Molecular screening shows extensive HIV-1 genetic diversity in Central West Brazil

Stefani, Mariane M. A.; Pereira, Gisner A. S.; Lins, Janaina A.B.; Alcântara, Keila Correia de; Silveira, Alexsander Augusto da; Viegas, Ângela Alves; Maya, Nadia C.; Mussi, Aparecida Hg

doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2007.04.012

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Despite this, it is noteworthy that higher prevalence of subtype C was observed among recent cases (13.2%) compared to formerly diagnosed mothers and previous regional surveys (∼2.0%). 18,[30][31][32] The current study presents the highest prevalence of subtype C detected in central western Brazil so far. It is also remarkable that two (18.2%) of the 11 mothers infected with subtype C transmitted the virus, while only one of the 72 mothers (1.4%) with "non-subtype C" transmitted HIV-1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission and drug resistance among Brazilian pregnant women with high access to diagnosis and prophylactic measures

Alcântara

Lins²,

Albuquerque³

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission and drug resistance among Brazilian pregnant women with high access to diagnosis and prophylactic measures

Alcântara

Lins²,

Albuquerque³

et al. 2012

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…The same is true in other regions of the country (Gadelha et al 2003, Cerqueira et al 2004, Stefani et al 2007) and elsewhere in South America (Hemellar et al 2004, Montano et al 2005, with the exception of Argentina, where BF recombinants predominate. The local molecular epidemiology scenario is more comparable to other cities in south Brazil, where clade C predominates (Martinez et al 2002, Soares et al 2005, Rodrigues et al 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…A study performed in Santos has reported the highest drug resistance rates in the country, with 37% among recent infections and 25% among chronic cases (Sucupira et al 2007). The predominant clade in Brazil is HIV-1 B, except in some areas in the south of the country, where clade C predominates (Bongertz et al 2000, Brindeiro et al 2003, Gadelha et al 2003, Cerqueira et al 2004, Barreto et al 2006, Rodrigues et al 2006, Stefani et al 2007). Moreover, different recombinant forms have been described in Brazil, including a BC mosaic, CRF31_BC (Santos et al 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterisation of newly identified HIV-1 infections in Curitiba, Brazil: preponderance of clade C among males with recent infections

Ferreira

Thomaz

Rodrigues

et al. 2008

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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The Research Capacity ProgramAs in many areas of Brazil, the AIDS epidemic in Curitiba is relatively stable, but surveillance is important to support public policy. The molecular characteristics of HIV may be instrumental for monitoring epidemic trends. We evaluated plasma HIV-1 RNA (n = 37) from 38 cases presenting with positive serology, who were among 820 consenting volunteers visiting the downtown counselling and serology testing centre. Seroprevalence was 4.6% 3) and the estimated HIV incidence, as defined by the BED assay, was 2.86 persons/years ). An additional set of contemporaneous, anonymous samples from a local laboratory was also analysed (n = 20) . Regions of the HIV-1 polymerase (n = 57) and envelope (n = 34) were evaluated for subtyping, determination of mosaic structure, primary drug resistance mutations (pDRM), envelope V3 loop motifs and amino acid signatures related to viral tropism. HIV-1 clade B was observed in 53% of cases; HIV-1C in 30% and BC mosaics in 14%, with one F genome and one CF mosaic. Clade C infection was associated with recent infections among males (p < 0.03). Stanford surveillance pDRM was observed in 8.8% of sequences, with 7% showing high level resistance to at least one antiretroviral drug. Tropism for CXCR4 co-receptor was predicted in 18% of envelope sequences, which were exclusively among clade B genomes and cases with serological reactivity to chronic infection.Key words: epidemiology -antiretroviral resistance -genetic diversity -HIV-1 -tropism -BrazilUnderstanding the local HIV-1 epidemic will not only support the regional response, but it may also provide information to nationwide efforts in the fight against AIDS. The variability of HIV-1 has been an obstacle to treatment and to the development of prevention innovations such as vaccines. HIV-1 clusters phylogenetically into distinct clades (subtypes), a fact that has helped to unravel the molecular characteristics of the epidemic. In some regions, differential distribution of HIV-1 clades has been documented (Van Harmelen et al. 1997, Tovanabutra 2001, Rios et al. 2005, Ryan et al. 2007) and phylogeny may indicate the source(s) of incoming variants (Sarker 2008). Worldwide, clade C is responsible for about half of the epidemic, whereas clade B is the major variant in industrialised nations (Hemelaar et al. 2006). HIV variability may influence the performance of laboratory tools for diagnostic, monitoring and surveillance (Koch et al. 2001 (Baeten et al. 2007, Kaleebu 2007 and transmission potential (Yang et al. 2003, John-Stewart et al. 2005 have been associated to distinct HIV clades, but the actual impact of genetic diversity in HIV disease still remains uncertain (Stebbing & Moyle 2003, Hemelaar et al. 2006, Tebit et al. 2007). However, some characteristics of HIV, such as tropism to either CCR5 or CXCR4 coreceptors, seem to be associated with a distinct pattern of disease progression (Shepherd et al. 2008). Another relevant issue is the identification of primary drug resistance mutations (pDRM) among untreate...

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“…40 The dynamics of HIV-1 molecular epidemiology in Central West Brazil overtime can be monitored by comparing these pol diversity results with previous env/gag heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) data. 6 An increase in the relative proportion of HIV-1 non-subtype B was observed. The current analysis of HIV-1 pol gene showed 6 3,[42][43][44]6 Our study describes the first subtype C sequences from inland Brazil which formed a monophyletic cluster with other subtype C sequences from south and southeast.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…6 An increase in the relative proportion of HIV-1 non-subtype B was observed. The current analysis of HIV-1 pol gene showed 6 3,[42][43][44]6 Our study describes the first subtype C sequences from inland Brazil which formed a monophyletic cluster with other subtype C sequences from south and southeast. This study confirms the spread of HIV-1 subtype C, which predominates in the Brazilian south region, inland towards the north region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

HIV-1 pol phylogenetic diversity and antiretroviral resistance mutations in treatment naïve patients from Central West Brazil

Cardoso

Queiroz²,

Stefani

2009

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Molecular screening shows extensive HIV-1 genetic diversity in Central West Brazil

Cited by 34 publications

References 27 publications

HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission and drug resistance among Brazilian pregnant women with high access to diagnosis and prophylactic measures

HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission and drug resistance among Brazilian pregnant women with high access to diagnosis and prophylactic measures

Molecular characterisation of newly identified HIV-1 infections in Curitiba, Brazil: preponderance of clade C among males with recent infections

HIV-1 pol phylogenetic diversity and antiretroviral resistance mutations in treatment naïve patients from Central West Brazil

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