Molecular probes for cardiovascular imaging

Abstract

Molecular probes provide imaging signal and contrast for the visualization, characterization, and measurement of biological processes at the molecular level. These probes can be designed to target the cell or tissue of interest and must be retained at the imaging site until they can be detected by the appropriate imaging modality. In this article, we will discuss the basic design of molecular probes, differences among the various types of probes, and general strategies for their evaluation of cardiovascular disease.

Radioiodinated Portable Albumin Binder as a Versatile Agent for in Vivo Imaging with Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography

“…Chemistry and Radiochemistry. As shown in Figure 1a, [ 131 I]IBA-NHS was synthesized in the presence of Cu 2 O and 1,10-phenanthroline according to a procedure reported by Zhang et al 19 The 4-BBA and its active ester were characterized by 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR (Figures S1 and S2). S9c).…”

“…The development of molecular imaging has provided renewed hope for disease diagnosis and therapy, which can offer the visualization, characterization, and measurement of biological processes at the molecular level. 1 During the design and synthetic phase, by improving in vivo pharmacokinetics of drugs, researchers move ever closer to the desired outcome. In general, getting the satisfactory target to nontarget ratios within a relatively short time is an effective way of achieving a rapid diagnosis.…”

Intravascular Imaging of Atherosclerosis by Using Engineered Nanoparticles

“…Quantum dots (QDs, Figure 2 f) are semiconductor particles with unique optical and electronic properties that have attracted great attention in biological imaging [ 59 ]. The quantum confinement feature displayed by QDs enables to have broad absorption spectra with a narrow emission band, serving as a versatile fluorescent probe for imaging and detection of multiple molecular targets [ 60 ]. QDs are typically in the range of 2–10 nm in size and are generally classified based on their composition in core-type, core-shell, and alloyed quantum dots.…”

Lanthanide complexes as redox and ROS/RNS probes: A new paradigm that makes use of redox-reactive and redox non-innocent ligands

“…Molecular imaging has recently become the principal method of detection when speaking about small species often responsible for major pathological illnesses [68]. It is gaining intense interest due to the potential to image and investigate the disruption of biochemical processes and their potential development into dangerous diseases [68,69]. Unlike classical imaging techniques it can characterise tissues and their physico-chemical properties (pH, concentrations of cations, metals, metabolites) [70].…”