Molecular prevalence, associated risk factors and phylogeny of Anaplasma marginale, Theileria ovis and T. lestoquardi in sheep from Pakistan

Tanveer, Muhammad; Farooq, Muhammad; Amjad, Muhammad; Asif, Muhammad; Kashif, Muhammad; Latif, Muhammad; Khan, Adil; Aktaş, Münir; Saïd, Mourad Ben

doi:10.1016/j.cimid.2022.101822

Cited by 12 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…In addition, the phylogenetic study revealed that the DNA sequences amplified during this investigation were highly conserved, and they closely resemble the other identified T . ovis sequences that were isolated from the sheep in Pakistan [ 10 , 14 ], China [ 31 ] and Iran [ 12 ], from sheep and goat in Turkey [ 32 , 33 ] and Burkina Faso [ 34 ] and cattle in Tanzania ( unpublished data ) ( Fig 2 ). Our results highlight the need for more detailed investigations from various regions in Pakistan to confirm the genetic diversity of T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ovis . Theileria ovis confirm positive DNA samples generated from sheep during our previous study (accession number MZ648443, MZ648444 and MZ648445) [ 10 ] was used as a positive control during each PCR. In addition, a PCR reaction mixture without template DNA was used as a negative control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…lestoquardi , T . separata , and newly identified species: Theileria sp.-China 1) are responsible for theileriosis in sheep and goats with variable virulence [ 9 , 10 ]. Fever, enlarged lymph nodes, anorexia, weakness, anemia, and cough are common symptoms of this pathological condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonality, epidemiology and phylogeny of Theileria ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic infected goats from Pakistan

Irfan,

Chang,

Iqbal

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Caprine theileriosis, caused by Theileria ovis is a serious production issue, especially in the areas that depend on goats and sheep for milk, meat, and other economic benefits. Pakistan has a large goat population, but few reports have been documented from this country regarding PCR-based detection of T. ovis. The molecular prevalence of T. ovis, on a seasonal basis, in various goat breeds enrolled from Muzaffar Garh district of Punjab in Pakistan was determined from October 2018 to September 2019. In this study, 1084 goat blood samples were screened for the detection of T. ovis DNA through PCR-based amplification of 18S rRNA gene. Out of 1084 goats, 12 (1.11%) were infected with T. ovis. The parasite prevalence varied with the sampling seasons (Chi square test, P = 0.008), and the parasite prevalence was highest in goat blood samples collected in summer (2.39%) followed by winter (1.88%). DNA sequencing and BLAST analysis confirmed the presence of T. ovis, and the amplified isolates from the 18S rRNA gene of T. ovis were found to be highly conserved during phylogenetic analysis. Young goats (Fischer exact test, P = 0.022) were found more infected with T. ovis during the winter season. Infected goats had elevated white blood cell counts (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.04), blood urea nitrogen to Creatinine ratio (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.02) and decreased serum Creatinine (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.001) as compared to T. ovis negative goats. We report a relatively low molecular prevalence of T. ovis in goats from the Muzaffar Garh district. However, it is recommended that control measures to eradicate T. ovis infection in goats in this area should be taken.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonality, epidemiology and phylogeny of Theileria ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic infected goats from Pakistan

Irfan,

Chang,

Iqbal

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Diseases, including metabolic, infectious and vector bone, are a major constraint to small ruminants and livestock industry as diseases impose financial risks to the livestock owners due to morbidity and mortality of their animals ( 1 , 2 ). Ecto parasites, especially ticks, are the major source of pathogen transmission to sheep ( 3 , 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors of Anaplasma ovis in Pakistani sheep

et al. 2023

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BackgroundMajority of Pakistani population lives in rural areas and raising animals, especially the small ruminants, is their primary source of income. Anaplasma ovis is known to infect small ruminants globally and causing significant economic losses to livestock owners, however prevalence of Anaplasma ovis has been least investigated from Pakistan despite having a huge sheep population.MethodsThe present study was conducted from June 2021 till December 2021 to report the PCR based prevalence of Anaplasma ovis in the blood samples of sheep (n = 239) that were collected from District Dera Ghazi Khan in Pakistan.ResultsOut of 239 samples, 30 (12.5%) amplified a 347 bp fragment specific for the msp4 gene of Anaplasma ovis. Represented partial msp4 gene sequences were confirmed by Sanger sequencing and deposited to GenBank (OP620757-59). None of the studied epidemiological factors (age, sex, breed, size of herd, dogs with herd, and composition of herd) showed an association (P > 0.05) with the Anaplasma ovis infection in enrolled sheep. Analysis of the amplified partial mSP4 sequence of Anaplasma ovis revealed that this gene is highly conserved as all three sequences were identical and phylogenetically resembled with the msp4 sequences amplified from small ruminants in China, Kenya, and Germany, Turkey, Portugal, Tunisia and India. In conclusion, for the first time, we are reporting a moderate prevalence of Anaplasma ovis prevalence in Pakistani sheep and this data will help in developing the integrated control policies against this newly reported tick-borne disease that is infecting our sheep breeds.

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Pakistan has a larger livestock population that is well adapted to the local environmental conditions and the national economy heavily relies on the output of the livestock sector (Parveen et al, 2021). As of 2020, there were approximately 41.2 million buffaloes, 49.6 million cattle, 78.2 million goats, 5.4 million donkeys and 30.9 million sheep in Pakistan (Tanveer et al, 2022). In 2020, the livestock industry was contributing 60.6% to overall agriculture and 11.7% to the gross domestic productivity (GDP) (Asif et al, 2022).

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Association of genotypes at rs438228855 in bovine SLC35A3 receptor gene of Pakistani cattle with the susceptibility to develop complex vertebral malformation

Rafiq

Zareen

Akbar

et al. 2023

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The aim of this study was to report the genotype and allelic frequency at rs438228855 (G > T) in SLC35A3 receptor gene and its association with a complex vertebral malformation (CMV) in the enrolled Pakistani cattle. Our results indicated that allelic and genotype frequency at rs438228855 varied non‐significantly (p > .05) among the three enrolled cattle breeds. GT (heterozygous) genotype was most abundant (0.54) followed by GG (wild type) genotype (0.45) while the mutant genotype (TT) was not observed among the enrolled cattle. It was observed that the Holstein Friesian breed had more GG (wild) than GT (heterozygous) genotypes while Sahiwal and cross cattle breed had more heterozygous (GT) combination at rs438228855 than the wild (GG) genotype. Significant variations in white blood cell count, % lymphocytes, red blood cell count, % monocytes, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were observed when compared between the enrolled cattle breeds. Most of the studied haematological parameters showed no association with the genotype at rs438228855. In conclusion, the heterozygosity at rs438228855 is not limited to the Holstein Friesian breed as local Sahiwal and crossbred cattle had also higher heterozygosity at rs438228855. We recommend that animals must be genotyped for rs438228855 before their selection as breeders to prevent economic losses.

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Molecular prevalence, associated risk factors and phylogeny of Anaplasma marginale, Theileria ovis and T. lestoquardi in sheep from Pakistan

Cited by 12 publications

References 42 publications

Seasonality, epidemiology and phylogeny of Theileria ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic infected goats from Pakistan

Seasonality, epidemiology and phylogeny of Theileria ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic infected goats from Pakistan

Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors of Anaplasma ovis in Pakistani sheep

Association of genotypes at rs438228855 in bovine SLC35A3 receptor gene of Pakistani cattle with the susceptibility to develop complex vertebral malformation

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