Molecular prevalence and subtypes of
            <i>Blastocystis</i>
            sp. in primates in northern China

Ma, Lei; Qiao, Haixiav; Wang, Heqin; Li, Shuai; Zhai, Pupu; Huang, Jing; Guo, Yinghui

doi:10.1111/tbed.13644

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Interestingly, a more recent study showed zoo animals and staff were infected with ST1-3 and showed high consistency with known sequences from NHPs and humans, highlighting that these STs have zoonotic potential [ 38 ]. In China, ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5, ST9, ST10, and ST13 were identified in NHPs [ 27 , 31 , 39 , 40 ], with ST1 and ST2 being the most common. In this study, Blastocystis sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First identification and molecular subtyping of Blastocystis sp. in zoo animals in southwestern China

et al. 2021

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Background Blastocystis sp. is an anaerobic protozoan that parasitizes many animal hosts and the human gastrointestinal tract, and its pathogenicity is controversial. Captive wildlife may be potential reservoirs for human infection with Blastocystis sp. The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. in zoo animals in Sichuan Province, southwestern China. Methods A total of 420 fresh fecal samples were collected from 54 captive wildlife species in four zoos in southwestern China between June 2017 and September 2019. The prevalence and subtype (ST) genetic characteristics of Blastocystis sp. were determined by PCR amplification of the barcode region of the SSU rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis. Results Overall, 15.7% (66/420) of the animal samples and 20.7% (14/54) of the species tested were shown to be infected with Blastocystis sp. The highest prevalence of Blastocystis sp. was found in Panzhihua Zoo (24.3%), which was significantly higher than that in Chengdu Zoo (6.9%), and Xichang Zoo (2.9%) (P < 0.05). There are also significant differences in the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. among different species (P < 0.05), and the highest of Blastocystis sp. prevalence was observed in white-cheeked gibbon, black great squirrel, and red giant flying squirrel (100%). Subtype analysis of Blastocystis sp. revealed nine subtypes, including six zoonotic STs (ST1-5, and ST8) and three animal-specific STs (ST10, ST14, and ST17), with ST17 as the predominant subtype (26/66) in Blastocystis sp.-positive isolates. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report on the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. among captive wildlife in zoos in southwestern China. This study highlights that these animals may serve as reservoirs for human Blastocystis sp. infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First identification and molecular subtyping of Blastocystis sp. in zoo animals in southwestern China

et al. 2021

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“…ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5, ST6 and ST7 were found common to humans and animals. ST9 was observed in ring-tailed lemurs and chickens in China [250] and Malaysia [15] respectively; however, no article included in this review reported on the identification of ST9 in humans in these countries. The characteristic presence of ST5 in pigs, ST10 and ST14 in goats, sheep and cattle, and ST6 and ST7 in chickens underscore suggestions that these STs are specific to the respective animal hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coexistence of Blastocystis spp. in Humans, Animals and Environmental Sources from 2010–2021 in Asia

Rauff-Adedotun

Termizi

Shaari

et al. 2021

Biology

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Blastocystis spp. are controversial unicellular protists that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract of humans and a wide range of animals worldwide. This review provides an overview of the prevalence and distribution of Blastocystis spp. and their subtypes throughout Asia. Research articles reporting on the presence of Blastocystis spp. in locations within Asia, between 1 January 2010, and 10 May 2021, were obtained from Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. In 427 articles, the prevalence of Blastocystis spp. in 31 countries within the last decade was revealed. Isolates were found in humans, various mammals, birds, reptiles, insects, water sources, vegetables, and ambient air. Prevalence of Blastocystis spp. varied widely across host categories. Subtypes identified throughout Asia were STs 1–14, and ST18–22 (novel subtypes). ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4 were the most frequently isolated in humans; ST5 in pigs; ST10 and ST14 in goats, sheep, and cattle; and ST6 and ST7 in chickens. ST1 and ST3 were most common in water samples. ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5 and ST6 were shared by humans, animals, and water sources. There is a growing interest in the study of Blastocystis spp. and their subtypes in Asia. Due to the isolation of Blastocystis spp. from biotic and abiotic sources in Asia, the application of the One Health (OH) approach to the study of Blastocystis spp. is proposed for improved perception of this organism.

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“…ST5 is commonly isolated from livestock, ST6 and ST7 from birds, and ST8 from arboreal non-human primates [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]). In addition to humans, ST9 has been recently described in poultry and non-human primates [ 18 , 19 ]. The fact that ST5‒ST8, ST10, ST12, and ST14 have been only sporadically found in humans has been interpreted as indicative of zoonotic activity [ 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Detection and Characterization of Blastocystis sp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Cattle in Northern Spain

Abarca

Santı́n

Ortega

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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Some enteric parasites causing zoonotic diseases in livestock have been poorly studied or even neglected. This is the case in stramenopile Blastocystis sp. and the microsporidia Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Spain. This transversal molecular epidemiological survey aims to estimate the prevalence and molecular diversity of Blastocystis sp. and E. bieneusi in cattle faecal samples (n = 336) in the province of Álava, Northern Spain. Initial detection of Blastocystis and E. bieneusi was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing of the small subunit (ssu) rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, respectively. Intra-host Blastocystis subtype diversity was further investigated by next generation amplicon sequencing (NGS) of the ssu rRNA gene in those samples that tested positive by conventional PCR. Amplicons compatible with Blastocystis sp. and E. bieneusi were observed in 32.1% (108/336, 95% CI: 27.2–37.4%) and 0.6% (2/336, 95% CI: 0.0–1.4%) of the cattle faecal samples examined, respectively. Sanger sequencing produced ambiguous/unreadable sequence data for most of the Blastocystis isolates sequenced. NGS allowed the identification of 10 Blastocystis subtypes including ST1, ST3, ST5, ST10, ST14, ST21, ST23, ST24, ST25, and ST26. All Blastocystis-positive isolates involved mixed infections of 2–8 STs in a total of 31 different combinations. The two E. bieneusi sequences were confirmed as potentially zoonotic genotype BEB4. Our data demonstrate that Blastocystis mixed subtype infections are extremely frequent in cattle in the study area. NGS was particularly suited to discern underrepresented subtypes or mixed subtype infections that were undetectable or unreadable by Sanger sequencing. The presence of zoonotic Blastocystis ST1, ST3, and ST5, and E. bieneusi BEB4 suggest cross-species transmission and a potential risk of human infection/colonization.

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Molecular prevalence and subtypes of Blastocystis sp. in primates in northern China

Cited by 28 publications

References 36 publications

First identification and molecular subtyping of Blastocystis sp. in zoo animals in southwestern China

First identification and molecular subtyping of Blastocystis sp. in zoo animals in southwestern China

The Coexistence of Blastocystis spp. in Humans, Animals and Environmental Sources from 2010–2021 in Asia

Molecular Detection and Characterization of Blastocystis sp. and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Cattle in Northern Spain

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