Molecular Physiology of Arsenic Uptake, Transport, and Metabolism in Rice

Thounaojam, Thorny Chanu; Khan, Zesmin; Upadhyaya, Hrishikesh

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8587-2_15

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Arsenic imposes toxicity in plants after its absorption via interaction with the physiological processes. Arsenic adversely affects the fundamental processes of plants such as growth and development, photosynthesis, respiration, water status, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, and damages to the cellular macromolecules (DNA, RNA, proteins and lipids) (Abbas et al 2018;Thounaojam et al 2020). The trivalent As(III) can react with sulfhydryl (-SH) groups of proteins and enzymes that alters their conformation or activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transporters: the molecular drivers of arsenic stress tolerance in plants

Thounaojam

Khan

Meetei

et al. 2021

J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol.

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Arsenic (As), the toxic metalloid, is taken up by plant roots and transported to different parts of the plant through transporters of the essential elements due to the structural analogy. The analogy of arsenate (AsV) with phosphate enables As (V) to enter plant through phosphate transporter, while, arsenite (AsIII) which is analogous to silicic acid, is taken up by plants through aquaporins. After the uptake, the different forms of As are translocated to shoot via xylem, imposing toxicity to plants that affect their growth and yield, however this depends on the effective concentration of free As anion at particular cellular organelle /site. To this end, the role of transporters becomes crucial as the central and prime regulator of As movement throughout the plant and in various cellular compartments. It is essential to understand the precise roles of different transporters involved in As uptake and transportation to avoid As accumulation and stress in plant. Therefore, this review discusses the transporters namely, phosphate transporters, nodulin 26-like intrinsic proteins, plasma membrane intrinsic proteins, tonoplast intrinsic proteins, C-type ATP binding cassette transporters, arsenical resistance 3 transporter, inositol transporters, multidrug and toxic compound extrusion transporters, and natural resistance-associated macrophage protein transporters, which are involved in As uptake, sequestration, translocation and efflux in plants, with an emphasis on As stress tolerance through the regulation of expression of the different transporters.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%