Molecular phylogeny reveals phenotypic evolution of powdery mildews (Erysiphales, Ascomycota)

Takamatsu, Susumu

doi:10.1007/s10327-013-0447-5

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This was needed because, in contrast to the early speculations, all phylogenetic analyses have shown that species with complex appendages on their chasmothecia have appeared first, and those with simple, mycelioid appendages only later during evolution (for reviews, see Takamatsu, 2013a ; Takamatsu, 2018 ). Most of the latter species infect herbaceous plants, while species with complex appendages are pathogens of trees or shrubs, and usually have more restricted host ranges than herb-pathogenic species ( Mori et al, 2000a ; Takamatsu et al, 2000 ; Takamatsu, 2013b ). To explain these results, Takamatsu (2004) hypothesized that appendage morphology reflects the adaptation of the respective powdery mildew species to overwintering on deciduous woody hosts, mostly in regions with temperate climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To explain these results, Takamatsu (2004) hypothesized that appendage morphology reflects the adaptation of the respective powdery mildew species to overwintering on deciduous woody hosts, mostly in regions with temperate climate. Appendages with complex geometries play a vital role in securing the attachment of many chasmothecia to the bark of their deciduous hosts at the end of the growing season, when those are washed off the canopy by autumn rains, or detached, e.g., by air movements, before leaf fall (for a review, see Takamatsu, 2013b ). Some of the chasmothecia that become attached to the woody parts of their deciduous hosts survive the winter period, and release ascospores in spring in the close vicinity of the freshly emerged shoots and leaves, which are then infected by ascospores, re-starting the infection cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Sequences: Evolution, Taxonomy, and Closest Known Saprobic Relatives of Powdery Mildew Fungi (Erysiphaceae) Inferred From Their First Comprehensive Genome-Scale Phylogenetic Analyses

et al. 2022

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Powdery mildew fungi (Erysiphaceae), common obligate biotrophic pathogens of many plants, including important agricultural and horticultural crops, represent a monophyletic lineage within the Ascomycota. Within the Erysiphaceae, molecular phylogenetic relationships and DNA-based species and genera delimitations were up to now mostly based on nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) phylogenies. This is the first comprehensive genome-scale phylogenetic analysis of this group using 751 single-copy orthologous sequences extracted from 24 selected powdery mildew genomes and 14 additional genomes from Helotiales, the fungal order that includes the Erysiphaceae. Representative genomes of all powdery mildew species with publicly available whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data that were of sufficient quality were included in the analyses. The 24 powdery mildew genomes included in the analysis represented 17 species belonging to eight out of 19 genera recognized within the Erysiphaceae. The epiphytic genera, all but one represented by multiple genomes, belonged each to distinct, well-supported lineages. Three hemiendophytic genera, each represented by a single genome, together formed the hemiendophytic lineage. Out of the 14 other taxa from the Helotiales, Arachnopeziza araneosa, a saprobic species, was the only taxon that grouped together with the 24 genome-sequenced powdery mildew fungi in a monophyletic clade. The close phylogenetic relationship between the Erysiphaceae and Arachnopeziza was revealed earlier by a phylogenomic study of the Leotiomycetes. Further analyses of powdery mildew and Arachnopeziza genomes may discover signatures of the evolutionary processes that have led to obligate biotrophy from a saprobic way of life. A separate phylogeny was produced using the 18S, 5.8S, and 28S nrDNA sequences of the same set of powdery mildew specimens and compared to the genome-scale phylogeny. The nrDNA phylogeny was largely congruent to the phylogeny produced using 751 orthologs. This part of the study has revealed multiple contamination and other quality issues in some powdery mildew genomes. We recommend that the presence of 28S, internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and 18S nrDNA sequences in powdery mildew WGS datasets that are identical to those determined by Sanger sequencing should be used to assess the quality of assemblies, in addition to the commonly used Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs (BUSCO) values.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Sequences: Evolution, Taxonomy, and Closest Known Saprobic Relatives of Powdery Mildew Fungi (Erysiphaceae) Inferred From Their First Comprehensive Genome-Scale Phylogenetic Analyses

et al. 2022

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“…Surprisingly, grouping species according to the characteristics of their asexual morphs reflect their molecular phylogeny (for reviews, see Takamatsu, 2004Takamatsu, , 2013a). This discovery triggered major taxonomic revisions (Braun et al, 2002), and the currently accepted generic concept is now based on a combination of the morphological characteristics of the asexual and sexual morphs (Braun, 2011;Takamatsu, 2013b). The most recent monograph of powdery mildews recognized 17 genera (Braun and Cook, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Australia: A Continent Without Native Powdery Mildews? The First Comprehensive Catalog Indicates Recent Introductions and Multiple Host Range Expansion Events, and Leads to the Re-discovery of Salmonomyces as a New Lineage of the Erysiphales

Kiss

Vaghefi

Bransgrove³

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Most of the causal agents were polyphagous species that infect many other host plants both overseas and in Australia. All powdery mildews infecting native plants in Australia were phylogenetically closely related to species known overseas. The data indicate that Australia is a continent without native powdery mildews, and most, if not all, species have been introduced since the European colonization of the continent.

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“…All these pathogens cause high yield losses of more than 15–∼80% if not controlled ( Lawrence et al, 2007 ; Kelly et al, 2015 ). Powdery mildew fungi are widespread and vital fungal pathogens that infect over 10,000 plant species worldwide and cause yield losses of up to 40% in various frugal crops such as wheat and barley, as well as vegetable crops and fruit trees ( Takamatsu, 2014 ).…”

Section: What Are Biotrophic Plant Pathogenic Fungi?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection Strategies and Pathogenicity of Biotrophic Plant Fungal Pathogens

Mapuranga

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Biotrophic plant pathogenic fungi are widely distributed and are among the most damaging pathogenic organisms of agriculturally important crops responsible for significant losses in quality and yield. However, the pathogenesis of obligate parasitic pathogenic microorganisms is still under investigation because they cannot reproduce and complete their life cycle on an artificial medium. The successful lifestyle of biotrophic fungal pathogens depends on their ability to secrete effector proteins to manipulate or evade plant defense response. By integrating genomics, transcriptomics, and effectoromics, insights into how the adaptation of biotrophic plant fungal pathogens adapt to their host populations can be gained. Efficient tools to decipher the precise molecular mechanisms of rust–plant interactions, and standardized routines in genomics and functional pipelines have been established and will pave the way for comparative studies. Deciphering fungal pathogenesis not only allows us to better understand how fungal pathogens infect host plants but also provides valuable information for plant diseases control, including new strategies to prevent, delay, or inhibit fungal development. Our review provides a comprehensive overview of the efforts that have been made to decipher the effector proteins of biotrophic fungal pathogens and demonstrates how rapidly research in the field of obligate biotrophy has progressed.

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Molecular phylogeny reveals phenotypic evolution of powdery mildews (Erysiphales, Ascomycota)

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Beyond Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Sequences: Evolution, Taxonomy, and Closest Known Saprobic Relatives of Powdery Mildew Fungi (Erysiphaceae) Inferred From Their First Comprehensive Genome-Scale Phylogenetic Analyses

Beyond Nuclear Ribosomal DNA Sequences: Evolution, Taxonomy, and Closest Known Saprobic Relatives of Powdery Mildew Fungi (Erysiphaceae) Inferred From Their First Comprehensive Genome-Scale Phylogenetic Analyses

Australia: A Continent Without Native Powdery Mildews? The First Comprehensive Catalog Indicates Recent Introductions and Multiple Host Range Expansion Events, and Leads to the Re-discovery of Salmonomyces as a New Lineage of the Erysiphales

Infection Strategies and Pathogenicity of Biotrophic Plant Fungal Pathogens

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