Molecular phylogeny of the Taeniapterini (Diptera: Micropezidae) using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, with a reclassification of the genus Taeniaptera Macquart

Abstract

DNA molecular data are used to generate a phylogeny for the micropezid subfamily Taeniapterinae. Thirty-two taeniapterine species were sampled, including 10 of the 20 New World genera recognized by Steyskal, as well as one genus formerly treated as a synonym of Poecilotylus Hennig (Hemichaeta Steyskal). Five species from the Micropezinae were included as outgroups. A total DNA dataset of 4705 bp, including mitochondrial genes (12S and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI)) and nuclear coding genes (wingless and CAD), was analysed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. The genus Taeniaptera Macquart was found to be non-monophyletic with respect to the remainder of the Taeniapterini analysed here. Taeniaptera is restricted to the Taeniaptera trivittata Macquart species group, Mitromyia Cresson is resurrected to contain the Taeniaptera grata (Wulp) species group, and Paragrallomyia Hendel is resurrected to contain most species previously considered Taeniaptera. Poecilotylus is recognized as a paraphyletic group awaiting further research.

A revision of Scipopus Enderlein including the subgenera Scipopus s. str., Phaeopterina Frey and Parascipopus subgen. nov. (Diptera, Micropezidae, Taeniapterinae)

“…str., fourteen of S. (Phaeopterina), nine of S. (Parascipopus) and 37 specimens from the presumed outgroups of Scipopus, including Rainieriella Aczel, 1949, Ptilosphen Enderlein, 1922, Grallipeza Rondani, 1850, Calosphen Hennig, 1934, Systellapha Enderlein, 1922, Amapeza Marshall, 2022, Parasphen Enderlein, 1922, Mesoconius Enderlein, 1922, and two undescribed genera (one with ms name "Nudopeza") were also sequenced by BOLD for markers other than CO1 including: 12S, three segments of the gene 28S referred to as 28S-2, 28S-3 and 28S-5, and CO1-3′ (Appendix 2). These gene regions were chosen based on previous success rates for sequenced Taeniapterinae Cresson, 1930(Jackson et al 2015Ferro et al 2021). Although Ferro et al (2021) noted that Jackson et al's (2015) analysis of 12S had weak backbone support and we corroborate this finding, adding it to the multi-gene analysis increased overall node support.…”

“…These gene regions were chosen based on previous success rates for sequenced Taeniapterinae Cresson, 1930(Jackson et al 2015Ferro et al 2021). Although Ferro et al (2021) noted that Jackson et al's (2015) analysis of 12S had weak backbone support and we corroborate this finding, adding it to the multi-gene analysis increased overall node support. Sequencing of markers was conducted at the Centre for Biodiversity and Genomics using material from specimens previously barcoded for CO1-5′.…”

“…Sequencing of markers was conducted at the Centre for Biodiversity and Genomics using material from specimens previously barcoded for CO1-5′. Primers used for sequencing were referenced from Jackson et al (2015) and Ferro et al (2021) and are listed in Table 1.…”

Family groups of Diopsoidea and Nerioidea (Diptera: Schizophora)—Definition, history and relationships

“…This system was only otherwise be adopted by Aczél (1951Aczél ( , 1959, who used the name Grallipezini instead of Rainieriini in 1951. The analysis of Jackson et al (2015) recovered a paraphyletic Rainieriini, and ongoing research suggests that neither tribe adequately reflects natural groupings in the subfamily (S.A. Marshall, pers. comm.…”