Molecular phylogeny of the Acre clade (Crassulaceae): Dealing with the lack of definitions for Echeveria and Sedum

Carrillo-Reyes, Pablo; Sosa, Victoria; Mort, Mark E.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.05.022

Cited by 50 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Setchellanthaceae, a monotypic family, only grows in Mexico (Iltis, 1999). In the monocots, a clade of geophyte genera in the Asparagaceae, the Milla clade, grows in Mega-Mexico (Gándara et al, 2009) and a group in the Crassulaceae, the Acre clade includes several genera exclusive to Mexico (Acevedo-Rosas et al, 2004;Carrillo-Reyes et al, 2010). Three related genera, Morkilia, Sericodes and Viscainoa in the Zygophyllaceae (Sheahan & Chase, 2006), and two genera in the Anacardiaceae, Bonetiella and Pseudosmodingium (Aguilar-Ortigoza et al, 2004) are found in this biogeographic province.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linajes de angiospermas endémicas en México: zonas de alto endemismo para la conservación

Sosa

De‐Nova

2022

Acta Bot. Mex.

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As a megadiverse country, Mexico harbors 4 to 8% of the flora of the world and of this, 51% is endemic. There is concern because several factors are impeding its conservation. In this paper, areas of endemism for the flowering plants of Mexico are identified to prioritize regions for conservation. To categorize zones for preservation, the approach followed takes biodiversity, weighted endemism and evolutionary history into account. Lineages of angiosperms, families, genera, and formal or informal groups within genera previously retrieved as monophyletic are selected to represent evolutionary history in equivalent spatial units. A database with 9416 entries based on specimens of species belonging to 259 monophyletic groups of angiosperms from Mexico was compiled, and their presence-absence recorded for every unit area. Species richness and weighted endemism index was calculated for each of these units. The results indicate that the majority of the regions with the highest indices of endemism have a dry climate with xeric vegetation, with the exception of two areas of tropical and temperate forests. They are: the northeastern rosette scrub in Nuevo León and Coahuila, gypsum grasslands in San Luis Potosí, the Sierra Gorda in Queréraro, Tolantongo in Hidalgo, the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley in Puebla and Oaxaca, El Salto in Durango, Sierra de Quila in Jalisco, a western portion of the Balsas River Basin in Michoacán, Guerrero, Morelos and State of Mexico, the Tehuantepec area in Oaxaca, the Central Depression of Chiapas and El Triunfo in Chiapas. Some of the areas of endemism in the Chihuahuan Desert, Balsas River Basin, the Central Depression of Chiapas and the southern area of Oaxaca are not sufficiently protected. Approximately 340 species Acta Botanica Mexicana 100: 293-315 (2012) 294 were microendemic, i.e. restricted to a single quadrat, and the Cactaceae account for the majority of the species on the Mexican Red List.Key words: Cactaceae, Chihuahuan Desert, endemism, Mega-Mexico, xeric vegetation. RESUMENMéxico está considerado como uno de los países megadiversos y en su territorio se encuentran entre 4 y 8% del número de total de especies de plantas del mundo, de las cuales 51% son endémicas. Existe una gran preocupación sobre la conservación de la flora mexicana, ya que se han detectado varias actividades y factores que la amenazan. En este trabajo se identifican áreas de endemismo para las angiospermas de México con el objetivo de priorizar regiones para conservación. Para categorizar estas zonas se sigue el enfoque que toma en cuenta la biodiversidad, el índice de endemismo ponderado y la historia evolutiva. Se identificaron los linajes de angiospermas, ya sean familias, géneros, o grupos infragenéricos con o sin estatus taxonómico que previamente se habían determinado como monofiléticos para representar la historia evolutiva en unidades espaciales equivalentes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linajes de angiospermas endémicas en México: zonas de alto endemismo para la conservación

Sosa

De‐Nova

2022

Acta Bot. Mex.

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“…The lack of definition of generic limits in Echeveria has already been identified based on molecular phylogenies (Mort et al 2001, Carrillo-Reyes et al 2009 (Yang et al 2014). Broader phylogenetic analyses should consider these primers for sequencing plastid data (current plastid markers utilized show little variation) and a more ample sampling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, most authors coincide in recognizing scorpioid cymes or cincinnus, very succulent leaves and bracts and a nectary scale on the inner face of petals as the most important characters for distinguishing this genus (von Poellnitz 1937, Moran 1963, García-Ruiz et al 1999, Brachet et al 2006, Thiede & Eggli 2007. These similarities have led some authors to suggest that Pachyphytum might be included in Echeveria and be recognized as a section of the latter (Thiede 2003), however species of Pachyphytum have been retrieved in phylogenies in a well supported monophyletic group separate from Echeveria (Carrillo-Reyes et al 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic position of <em>Echeveria heterosepala</em> (Crassulaceae): a rare species with diagnostic characters of <em>Pachyphytum</em>

2017

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Background: Echeveria and Pachyphytum are two closely related Neotropical genera in the Crassulaceae. Several species in Echeveria possess characters cited as diagnostic for Pachyphytum such as a clearly defined stem, a nectary scale on the inner face of petals and as inflorescence a scorpioid cyme or cincinnus. Pachyphytum has been identified as monophyletic while Echeveria as polyphyletic in previous molecular phylogenetic analysess. Hypothesis: The objective of this paper is to identify the phylogenetic position of a rare species with restricted distribution in Echeveria, E. heterosepala that possesses the diagnostic characters of Pachyphytum to better understand the generic limits between these two genera. We expect this species to be closely related to Pachyphytum. Methods: Bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood analyses were carried out using 47 taxa, including as ingroup, species of Echeveria, Graptopetalum, Lenophyllum, Pachyphytum, Sedum, Thompsonella and Villadia and as outgroup, species in Dudleya. Analyses were conducted based on plastid (rpl16, trnL-F) and nuclear (ETS, ITS) markers. Ancestral character reconstruction was carried out under a parsimony criterion based on the molecular trees retrieved by the phylogenetic analyses. Four morphological characters were considered: defined stem, type of inflorescence, nectary scale in petals and position of sepals. Results: Accessions of E. heterosepala were retrieved in a well-supported clade group comprising exclusively Echeveria species. Therefore this species belongs to Echeveria although possessing characters similar to Pachyphytum and moreover it was not identified closely related to this genus. None of the traits considered have taxonomic importance. The node at the Pachyphytum clade identified unambiguous character states such as stem present, straight sepals, nectary scale on petals, however these character states were identified in the rest of the clades as well. Remarkably, the monophyly of Pachyphytum was corroborated, while Echeveria remains poorly understood. Keywords: Acre clade, Graptopetalum, Thompsonella ResumenAntecedentes: Echeveria y Pachyphytum son dos géneros Neotropicales cercanamente relacionados en Crassulaceae. Varias especies de Echeveria poseen caracteres citados como diagnósticos para Pachyphtum, tales como un tallo claramente definido, una escama nectarífera en la cara interna de los pétalos y una inflorescencia cimosa escorpioide, es decir un cincino. Filogenias moleculares previas han identificado a Pachytphytum como un grupo monofilético mientras que a Echeveria como polifilético. Hipótesis: El objetivo de este trabajo es el de identificar la posición filogenética de una especie rara de distribución restringida en Echeveria, E. heterosepala, la cual posee los caracteres diagnósticos de Pachyphytum para entender mejor los límites de estos dos géneros. Nuestra hipótesis es que debería resultar cercanamente relacionada a Pachyphytum. Métodos: Se llevaron a cabo análisis de inferencia Bayesiana y de Máxima Verosimil...

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“…E. gibbiflora is a perennial plant with succulent leaves and stems, belonging to the Loganiaceae family (Carrillo-Reyes et al, 2009). This plant blooms from November to February, and its leaves have a 24-30 cm long diameter forming a rosette (Pérez-Calix, 2008).…”

Section: Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimated carbon dioxide exchange for three native species in an ecological reserve of Mexico City

Sánchez-León

Castro

Peralta

et al. 2016

ATM

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RESUMENSe estimó la captura y emisión de CO 2 de tres especies (Buddleia cordata, Senecio praecox y Echeveria gibbiflora) en la Reserva Ecológica del Pedregal de San Ángel. El muestreo se realizó durante los meses de febrero, marzo, abril y noviembre (temporada seca) y de julio a octubre (temporada de lluvias) en 2010. En la temporada seca B. cordata y S. praecox capturaron 16.14 y 3.25 kg de CO 2 , respectivamente, en tanto que E. gibbiflora emitió 45.76 kg de CO 2 . En la temporada de lluvias el intercambio de CO 2 fue diferente para las tres especies. La tasa de fotosíntesis durante la temporada seca y de lluvias fue respectivamente de 22 y 6 µmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 para B. cordata, 27 y 5.25 µmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 para S. praecox, y 29 y 3 µmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 para E. gibbiflora. Adicionalmente, se estimó el índice de vegetación de diferencia normalizada con datos de MODIS. Los resultados indican que la intensidad del verdor en el sitio aumentó durante los meses de lluvia. En este trabajo se explica la contribución de dichas plantas al ciclo de carbono en un ecosistema ubicado dentro de una zona urbana, así como la relación de variables ambientales como temperatura, densidad del flujo fotosintético de fotones y humedad relativa en la captura o emisión de CO 2 . Este trabajo proporciona información sobre la dinámica del ciclo del carbono en ecosistemas urbanos, lo cual puede ser útil para estudios futuros sobre la mitigación del cambio climático. ABSTRACTCapture and emission of carbon dioxide of three species (Buddleia cordata, Senecio praecox and Echeveria gibbiflora) in the Reserva Ecológica del Pedregal de San Ángel (Ecological Reserve of the Pedregal de San Ángel), were estimated. CO 2 sampling was carried out in 2010 during the dry (February, March, April and November) and rainy seasons (July to October). On the dry season B. cordata and S. praecox captured 16.14 and 3.25 kg CO 2 , respectively, whereas E. gibbiflora emitted 45.76 kg CO 2 . In the rainy season the exchange of CO 2 was different for the three species. In the dry season, the photosynthetic rate was 22 µmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 for B. cordata, 27 µmolCO 2 m -2 s -1 for S. praecox and 29 µmolCO 2 m -2 s -1 for E. gibbiflora. In the rainy season they were 6, 5.25 and 3 µmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 , respectively. In addition, MODIS data were used to estimate the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), indicating that the intensity of greenery at the site increased during the rainy months. This paper explains the contribution of studied plants to the carbon cycle of an ecosystem located within an urban area, and the relationship of environmental variables such as temperature, density photosynthetic photon flux and relative humidity in the capture or emission of CO 2 . This work provides valuable information about the carbon cycle dynamics on urban ecosystems, which can be useful in future studies for climate change mitigation.

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Molecular phylogeny of the Acre clade (Crassulaceae): Dealing with the lack of definitions for Echeveria and Sedum

Cited by 50 publications

References 45 publications

Linajes de angiospermas endémicas en México: zonas de alto endemismo para la conservación

Linajes de angiospermas endémicas en México: zonas de alto endemismo para la conservación

Phylogenetic position of <em>Echeveria heterosepala</em> (Crassulaceae): a rare species with diagnostic characters of <em>Pachyphytum</em>

Estimated carbon dioxide exchange for three native species in an ecological reserve of Mexico City

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