Molecular Phylogeny of Edge Hill Virus Supports its Position in the Yellow Fever Virus Group and Identifies a New Genetic Variant

Macdonald, Joanne; Poidinger, Michael; Mackenzie, John S.; Russell, Richard C.; Doggett, Stephen L.; Broom, A.K.; Phillips, D.; Potamski, Joseph; Gard, G. P.; Whelan, Peter I; Weir, Richard; Young, Paul R.; Gendle, Debra J.; Maher, Sheryl; Barnard, Ross; Hall, Roy A.

doi:10.4137/ebo.s4966

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…There was evolutionary radiation of related flaviviruses in the YFV group in Africa (e.g. Uganda S, Banzi, Jugra, Wesslesbron) as well as spread of this phylogenetic group to Asia and Australia (Sepik, Edge Hill viruses) (Macdonald et al, 2010), but no members of the YFV phylogenetic group, other than the cognate virus, are known from the New World. This is important, since it suggests that YFV was likely introduced into the New World relatively recently; we discuss current understanding of the journey of YFV to the America below.…”

Section: Evolutionary Origins Of Yellow Fever and Dengue Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever versus fever: The role of host and vector susceptibility and interspecific competition in shaping the current and future distributions of the sylvatic cycles of dengue virus and yellow fever virus

Hanley

Monath

Weaver

et al. 2013

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

167

202

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Two different species of flaviviruses, dengue virus (DENV) and yellow fever virus (YFV), that originated in sylvatic cycles maintained in non-human primates and forest-dwelling mosquitoes have emerged repeatedly into sustained human-to-human transmission by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Sylvatic cycles of both viruses remain active, and where the two viruses overlap in West Africa they utilize similar suites of monkeys and Aedes mosquitoes. These extensive similarities render the differences in the biogeography and epidemiology of the two viruses all the more striking. First, the sylvatic cycle of YFV originated in Africa and was introduced into the New World, probably as a result of the slave trade, but is absent in Asia; in contrast, sylvatic DENV likely originated in Asia and has spread to Africa but not to the New World. Second, while sylvatic YFV can emerge into extensive urban outbreaks in humans, these invariably die out, whereas four different types of DENV have established human transmission cycles that are ecologically and evolutionarily distinct from their sylvatic ancestors. Finally, transmission of YFV among humans has been documented only in Africa and the Americas, whereas DENV is transmitted among humans across most of the range of competent Aedes vectors, which in the last decade has included every continent save Antarctica. This review summarizes current understanding of sylvatic transmission cycles of YFV and DENV, considers possible explanations for their disjunct distributions, and speculates on the potential consequences of future establishment of a sylvatic cycle of DENV in the Americas.

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Section: Evolutionary Origins Of Yellow Fever and Dengue Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever versus fever: The role of host and vector susceptibility and interspecific competition in shaping the current and future distributions of the sylvatic cycles of dengue virus and yellow fever virus

Hanley

Monath

Weaver

et al. 2013

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

167

202

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“…BgV could be detected using several mAbs that recognize conserved epitopes on the flaviviral E protein: 4G2, 1D1, M2-1E7 and 6B6C as shown in Fig. 2(c) (Gentry et al, 1982;Hall et al, 1990;Macdonald et al, 2010;Thibodeaux & Roehrig, 2009). BgV was also weakly recognized by several EHV-specific and YFV-group reactive mAbs (7C3, 3G1-2, 6A9, 7C6, 8G2), see Fig.…”

Section: *Based On Annotations From Dq859060 (Ehv) and Nc_008718 (Yfvmentioning

confidence: 99%

A newly discovered flavivirus in the yellow fever virus group displays restricted replication in vertebrates

Colmant

Bielefeldt‐Ohmann

Hobson‐Peters

et al. 2016

Journal of General Virology

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A novel flavivirus, provisionally named Bamaga virus (BgV), was isolated from Culex annulirostris mosquitoes collected from northern Australia. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence of the BgV genome revealed it clustered with the yellow fever virus (YFV) group, and was most closely related to Edge Hill virus (EHV), another Australian flavivirus, with 61.9 % nucleotide and 63.7 % amino acid sequence identity. Antigenic analysis of the envelope and pre-membrane proteins of BgV further revealed epitopes common to EHV, dengue and other mosquito-borne flaviviruses. However, in contrast to these viruses, BgV displayed restricted growth in a range of vertebrate cell lines with no or relatively slow replication in inoculated cultures. There was also restricted BgV replication in virus-challenged mice. Our results indicate that BgV is an evolutionary divergent member of the YFV group of flaviviruses, and represents a novel system to study mechanisms of virus host-restriction and transmission.

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“… Phylogenetic reconstructions based on related flaviviral sequences indicate that YFV is most closely related to Old World flaviviruses. Several evolutionary lineages diverged from YFV in Africa (Uganda S, Banzi, Jugra, Wesselsbron) [3,148,151], some of which gave rise to lineages that spread to Asia and Australia (Sepik, Edge Hill viruses) [152]. In contrast, none of these viruses has emerged in America [85].…”

Section: Emergence Out Of Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

What Does the Future Hold for Yellow Fever Virus? (I)

Klitting

Fischer

Drexler

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract:The recent resurgence of yellow fever virus (YFV) activity in the tropical regions of Africa and South America has sparked renewed interest in this infamous arboviral disease. YFV had been a human plague for centuries prior to the identification of its urban transmission vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito species, and the development of an efficient live-attenuated vaccine, the YF-17D strain. The combination of vector-control measures and vaccination campaigns drastically reduced YFV incidence in humans on many occasions, but the virus never ceased to circulate in the forest, through its sylvatic invertebrate vector(s) and vertebrate host(s). Outbreaks recently reported in Central Africa (2015)(2016) and Brazil (since late 2016), reached considerable proportions in terms of spatial distribution and total numbers of cases, with multiple exports, including to China. In turn, questions regarding the likeliness of occurrence of large urban YFV outbreaks in the Americas or of a successful import of YFV to Asia are currently resurfacing. This two-part review describes the current state of knowledge and gaps regarding the molecular biology and transmission dynamics of YFV, along with an overview of the tools that can be used to manage the disease at the individual, local and global levels.

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Molecular Phylogeny of Edge Hill Virus Supports its Position in the Yellow Fever Virus Group and Identifies a New Genetic Variant

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Fever versus fever: The role of host and vector susceptibility and interspecific competition in shaping the current and future distributions of the sylvatic cycles of dengue virus and yellow fever virus

Fever versus fever: The role of host and vector susceptibility and interspecific competition in shaping the current and future distributions of the sylvatic cycles of dengue virus and yellow fever virus

A newly discovered flavivirus in the yellow fever virus group displays restricted replication in vertebrates

What Does the Future Hold for Yellow Fever Virus? (I)

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