Molecular phylogeny and historical biogeography of the land snail genus Solatopupa (Pulmonata) in the peri-Tyrrhenian area

Twenty Years of Molecular Biogeography in the West Mediterranean Islands of Corsica and Sardinia: Lessons Learnt and Future Prospects

“…These insular lineages are not reciprocally monophyletic as expected if vicariance had been the only cause of divergence; haplogroups found on Sardinia and Elba Island are embedded within some of those distributed in Corsica. The sorting events detected are likely due to episodes of extinction because the species is nowadays absent from ecologically suitable areas where it has been reported in the past [37,38,39]. The high number of speciation within an area and sorting events as opposed to the very few speciation by area episodes justify the lack of fit between the phylogeographies of both the terrestrial isopod Helleria brevicornis and the Bediagra rock lizard and a purely vicariant model of divergence [26,27].…”

“…A remarkable slowdown in rates was detected for the stonefly Tyrrhenoleuctra [34,41]; younger lineages accumulate substitutions at a relatively faster pace (yet slower than that of other insect orders). In the only case where nuclear DNA sequences were used (land snails Solatopupa, histone H3 gene; [39]), these were not evolving in a clock-like manner. Even though COI rates are relatively similar in our dataset, we are by no means implying that these rates could be carelessly applied to other organisms and/or geographic contexts.…”

Historical biogeography of Tyrrhenian land snails: The Marmorana–Tyrrheniberus radiation (Pulmonata, Helicidae)

“…Since local clock estimates for COI and 16S rDNA genes of Marmorana, fossil evidence and key geological events for timing Apennine divergence were not available, the later due to the complex palaeogeography of the western Mediterranean area (Boccaletti et al, 1990 and studies on Apennine taxa using external clock and published rates, e.g. Allegrucci et al, 2005;Ketmaier et al, 2006), an external molecular clock obtained from published gastropod rates was adopted in a tentative manner. However, rates for mitochondrial ribosomal genes vary between 1.6% and 5.6% per million years for freshwater pulmonates and pulmonate Leptaxini (Van Riel et al, 2005), but accelerated rates between 10% and 12.9% per million years are reported for helicids of the genera Mandarina and Cepaea (Thomaz et al, 1996;Chiba, 1999).…”

“…The Tyrrhenian area is of particular interest due to its complex geological history since disjunction and rotation of the Corsica-Sardinia microplate, the Messinian salinity crisis (MSC), Pliocene flooding and Quaternary sea level changes (Hsü et al, 1977;Steininger and Rögl, 1984;Duggen et al, 2003). Although many studies have been carried out on a number of different Apennine animals (zygaenid moths, Cesaroni et al, 1989; cyprinid fishes, Stefani et al, 2004;crayfishes, Trontelj et al, 2005; cave crickets, Allegrucci et al, 2005; fire-bellied toads, Canestrelli et al, 2006;Hofman et al, 2007) showing lineages with disjunct distributions, mainly due to Pleistocene glacial refugia, there is only one phylogeographic study on Tyrrhenian land snails (Ketmaier et al, 2006).…”

Insights into the Evolutionary History of an Extinct South American Freshwater Snail Based on Historical DNA

“…For both time estimation approaches, we used a divergence rate of 0.6% per million year based on Rumbak et al [53], which has been widely used in phylogenetic and phylogeographic studies of gastropods (e.g. [54,55]).…”