Molecular phylogenetics of the avian feather louse Philopterus-complex (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae)

Kolencik, Stanislav; Johnson, Kevin P.; Grant, Avery R.; Valim, Michel Paiva; Kuabara, Kamila M. D.; Weckstein, Jason D.; Allen, Julie M.

doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2022.107556

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Our analysis confirmed the results of Najer et al (2021), which indicated that the Philopteroides parasitizing bulbuls form a closely related group of species. Kolencik et al (2022) also recovered a clade of African Philopteroides from bulbuls. However, differences in gene selection between our study and that of Kolencik et al (2022) prevented us from testing whether these two clades are closely related.…”

Section: Relationships Within Philopteroidesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Kolencik et al (2022) also recovered a clade of African Philopteroides from bulbuls. However, differences in gene selection between our study and that of Kolencik et al (2022) prevented us from testing whether these two clades are closely related. Most African bulbuls form a separate radiation from the Asian species, but the Asian bulbul species have colonized Africa several times (Shakya and Sheldon, 2017).…”

Section: Relationships Within Philopteroidesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Notably, both Najer et al (2021) and Kolencik et al (2022) found a second group of Philopteroides. Najer et al (2021) called this group "Philopterus complex group 3, " whereas Kolencik et al (2022) called this group "mitsusui species-group. " We also recovered a second group of Philopteroides in our analysis.…”

Section: Relationships Within Philopteroidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Co-phylogenetic analyses of head lice are rare, but in both the genera Penenirmus and Alcedoecus host-switching, including between distantly related hosts, appears to have played a major part in the evolution of host associations (Catanach et al, 2019;Johnson et al, 2021). Other phylogenetic analyses of head lice indicate that at least some species are host generalists (e.g., Grossi et al, 2014;Yamagishi et al, 2014;Bush et al, 2016;Najer et al, 2021;Kolencik et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Philopteroides is widely distributed throughout the Old World tropics, occurring on a wide range of host families (Valim and Palma, 2013;Gustafsson et al, 2022b: table 8). Recent genetic data indicate that the genus may not be monophyletic (Kolencik et al, 2022), with species parasitizing bulbuls forming a morphologically homogeneous and closely related group separate from the species occurring on members of other host families (Mey, 2004;Valim and Palma, 2013;Najer et al, 2016Najer et al, , 2021Gustafsson et al, 2022a). The morphological homogeneity of these lice may suggest that hostswitches occur regularly between different bulbul species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coevolutionary analysis of the Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) parasitizing bulbuls (Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae)

Ren

Gustafsson²,

Tian³

et al. 2023

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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IntroductionAvian head lice comprise a diverse group of distantly related genera of lice that exhibit a strongly convergent morphology. Due to their lack of free-living stages, their strong morphological adaptations to living on the host’s head, and the limited opportunities for transfer between hosts during mating or nesting, the lateral transmission of head lice between non-conspecific hosts may be presumed to be restricted. Despite this, many species of head lice are ostensibly host generalists. We here examine lice of the head louse genus Philopteroides Mey, 2004, from bulbuls (Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae).MethodsWe use two different methods, ParaFit and Jane, to get insights on the co-evolutionary history of Philopteroides species and their bulbul hosts. Jane was run with a variation of event costs.ResultsOur phylogenetic analysis indicate that several morphologically cryptic species can be found in this group, most of which appear to be host specific. However, co-phylogenetic analyses indicate that host-switching has been common in the history of these lice, and co-speciation events have been rarer than expected. Moreover, lowest-cost co-evolutionary reconstructions under a variety of event costs are indistinguishable from random. An expanded dataset with more Philopterus-complex lice was found to be evenly balanced between host-switching and co-speciation events.DiscussionThe transfer of avian head lice between host species is poorly understood, but evidently fairly common. Several potential routes are discussed, but direct evidence is missing. Potentially, the presence of multiple bulbul species at fruiting trees may be an important factor in this transfer. However, such transfer routes also do not explain why Philopteroides lice on bulbuls appear to be distinct from those of other hosts. Moreover, as many of the species recovered in our analysis are morphologically indistinguishable, cryptic speciation appears to be common in this group.

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Section: Relationships Within Philopteroidesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Relationships Within Philopteroidesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Relationships Within Philopteroidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coevolutionary analysis of the Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) parasitizing bulbuls (Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae)

Ren

Gustafsson²,

Tian³

et al. 2023

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Do Parasitic Lice Exhibit Endemism in Parallel with Their Avian Hosts? A Comparison across Northern Amazonian Areas of Endemism

Lima,

Weckstein,

Batista

et al. 2023

Journal of Parasitology

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Cryptic genera, cryptic species: phylogeny of the genus Philopteroides Mey, 2004, sensu lato, with descriptions of two new genera and one new species

Ren,

Tian,

Grossi

et al. 2024

ASP

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Closely related chewing lice in the Philopterus-complex are typically morphologically homogeneous, with the most significant differences often being in the male genitalia. However, in many groups within this complex the male genitalia are reduced and lacking one or more element, with the remaining components often at least partially fused. This is not least the case in the genus Philopteroides Mey, 2004, in which the male mesosome is often reduced and other characters are largely homogeneous throughout the genus. A phylogeny of the group based on a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear genes suggests that the species presently placed in Philopteroides belong to three different clades, which do not form a monophyletic group together. We here redefine Philopteroides morphologically, and describe two of these clades as new genera: Stasiasticopterusn. gen. for the species on bulbuls, and Coronedaxn. gen. for species on monarch flycatchers. These genera can be separated from each other and from Philopteroides only by some characters of the male genitalia, but possibly also by characters of the preantennal head and female genitalia. In addition, we describe a new species of Coronedax, Coronedax longicepssp. n. and provide an overview of the morphology of the male genitalia in the three genera treated.

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Molecular phylogenetics of the avian feather louse Philopterus-complex (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae)

Cited by 3 publications

References 56 publications

Coevolutionary analysis of the Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) parasitizing bulbuls (Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae)

Coevolutionary analysis of the Philopteroides Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) parasitizing bulbuls (Passeriformes: Pycnonotidae)

Do Parasitic Lice Exhibit Endemism in Parallel with Their Avian Hosts? A Comparison across Northern Amazonian Areas of Endemism

Cryptic genera, cryptic species: phylogeny of the genus Philopteroides Mey, 2004, sensu lato, with descriptions of two new genera and one new species

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