Molecular Phylogenetic Study of Strains Morphologically  Identified as &lt;i&gt;Exophiala dermatitidis&lt;/i&gt; from Clinical and  Environmental Specimens in Japan

Alimu, Yikelamu; Ban, Sayaka; Yaguchi, Takashi

doi:10.3314/mmj.21-00012

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…E. dermatitidis 1 and 2 isolated from the patients with pneumonia were identified by ESI-MS and ITS gene analysis 15 , and E. dermatitidis 3 (NBRC6421, ATCC28869) was purchased from Biological Resource Center, NITE (NBRC, Japan) (Table S2). The fungus was incubated in Sabouraud buffer (5 g meat peptone, 5 g casein peptone, and 20 g glucose in 1L dH 2 O) and Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) plate (5 g meat peptone, 5 g casein peptone, 40 g glucose, and 1.5% agar in 1L H 2 O) supplemental with chloramphenicol (Cam) and kanamycin (K), or 0.25µm filtered RPMI (Nissui, Japan) without NaHCO 3 at pH 6.8, 0.165M 3-morpholinopropane-1-sulfonic acid, MOPS (MOPS-RPMI) supplemental with Cam and K. A549 cells isolated from a male patient with lung cancer were purchased from the Japanese Collection of Research Bioresources (JCRB) Cell Bank, Japan, and cultured in DMEM medium (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation, Japan) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA), penicillin (P), and K.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal potency of terbinafine as a therapeutic agent against Exophiala dermatitidis in vitro

Nakamura,

Yoshinouchi,

Okumura

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background: Exophiala dermatitidis (E. dermatitidis), which causes skin infections or respiratory diseases, is occasionally fatal in immunocompromised patients. Objectives: Here, we report the unique antifungal potency of terbinafine (TRB), which targets squalene epoxidase, against E. dermatitidis (SQLEED) using various in vitro approaches. Methods: Based on the human SQLE crystal structure, we created a structure model of SQLEED using SWISS-MODEL and determined the best-fitting model of TRB to the SQLEED. The versatile antifungal activities, including fungicidal activity, biofilm inhibition, biofilm eradication activity, and the combination effect of TRB, posaconazole (PSC), and amphotericin B (AmB) with great antifungal potency against E. dermatitidis were evaluated using crystal violet and cell viability assay. Results: Clinically isolated E. dermatitidis increased most vigorously at 30°C but decreased at 40°C. E. dermatitidis hyphae elongated and attached to a cell scaffold, forming a membrane-like biofilm that was distinct from the cell-free biofilm. In the binding model, TRB formed an H-bond with Y102 and was surrounded by key amino acid residues of SQLEED corresponding to TRB-resistant mutations in Trichophyton rubrum, showing an appropriate interaction. Among TRB, PSC, and AmB with potent antifungal activities, TRB and PSC showed more potent antibiofilm activities than AmB. In addition, TRB and PSC exhibited residual potency without incubation against E. dermatitidis, decreasing the growth at lower concentrations than AmB. In contrast, AmB exhibited strong time-dependent killing and eradication activities. The combination of TRB and PSC was more effective than that of TRB and AmB or PSC and AmB in vitro. Conclusions: Although the tissue migration of TRB must be considered, these data suggest that TRB and PSC may be useful agents and a potent combination in severely immunocompromised patients with refractory and systemic E. dermatitidis infection.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal potency of terbinafine as a therapeutic agent against Exophiala dermatitidis in vitro

Nakamura,

Yoshinouchi,

Okumura

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Moreover, E . dermatitidis has been discovered in regions throughout the world, with the exception of Antarctica and the Oceania region [ 7 , 15 , 16 , 31 , 32 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ]. Accordingly, E .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are 26 Exophiala species (41.3%) that have been reported as causal agents of human diseases [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Diversity, Distribution, and Phylogeny of Exophiala with the Addition of Four New Species from Thailand

Thitla

Kumla

Khuna

et al. 2022

JoF

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The genus Exophiala is an anamorphic ascomycete fungus in the family Herpotrichiellaceae of the order Chaetothyriales. Exophiala species have been classified as polymorphic black yeast-like fungi. Prior to this study, 63 species had been validated, published, and accepted into this genus. Exophiala species are known to be distributed worldwide and have been isolated in various habitats around the world. Several Exophiala species have been identified as potential agents of human and animal mycoses. However, in some studies, Exophiala species have been used in agriculture and biotechnological applications. Here, we provide a brief review of the diversity, distribution, and taxonomy of Exophiala through an overview of the recently published literature. Moreover, four new Exophiala species were isolated from rocks that were collected from natural forests located in northern Thailand. Herein, we introduce these species as E. lamphunensis, E. lapidea, E. saxicola, and E. siamensis. The identification of these species was based on a combination of morphological characteristics and molecular analyses. Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of a combination of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and small subunit (nrSSU) of ribosomal DNA, along with the translation elongation factor (tef), partial β-tubulin (tub), and actin (act) genes support that these four new species are distinct from previously known species of Exophiala. A full description, illustrations, and a phylogenetic tree showing the position of four new species are provided.

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Pulmonary phaeohyphomycosis due to Exophiala dermatitidis in a patient with pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection

Setoguchi

Iwanaga

Ito

et al. 2023

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

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Molecular Phylogenetic Study of Strains Morphologically Identified as <i>Exophiala dermatitidis</i> from Clinical and Environmental Specimens in Japan

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Antifungal potency of terbinafine as a therapeutic agent against Exophiala dermatitidis in vitro

Antifungal potency of terbinafine as a therapeutic agent against Exophiala dermatitidis in vitro

Species Diversity, Distribution, and Phylogeny of Exophiala with the Addition of Four New Species from Thailand

Pulmonary phaeohyphomycosis due to Exophiala dermatitidis in a patient with pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection

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