Molecular organization of Chlorella vulgaris chromosome I: presence of telomeric repeats that are conserved in higher plants

Higashiyama, Takanobu; Maki, Sinya; Yamada, Takashi

doi:10.1007/bf00290130

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A close evolutionary relationship between the chlorarachniophyte endosymbionts and green algae has also been proposed on the basis of chloroplast morphology and pigment composition (38)(39)(40). Furthermore, the telomere sequences of the chlorarachniophyte nucleomorph chromosomes (41) and Chlorella nuclear chromosomes (42) are very similar and differ only by one transition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Substitution rate calibration of small subunit ribosomal RNA identifies chlorarachniophyte endosymbionts as remnants of green algae.

Peer

Rensing

Maier

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

152

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November 29, 1995) ABSTRACT Chlorarachniophytes are amoeboid algae with chlorophyll a and b containing plastids that are surrounded by four membranes instead of two as in plants and green algae. These extra membranes form important support for the hypothesis that chlorarachniophytes have acquired their plastids by the ingestion of another eukaryotic plastidcontaining alga. Chlorarachniophytes also contain a small nucleus-like structure called the nucleomorph situated between the two inner and the two outer membranes surrounding the plastid. This nucleomorph is a remnant of the endosymbiont's nucleus and encodes, among other molecules, small subunit ribosomal RNA. Previous phylogenetic analyses on the basis of this molecule provided unexpected and contradictory evidence for the origin of the chlorarachniophyte endosymbiont. We developed a new method for measuring the substitution rates of the individual nucleotides of small subunit ribosomal RNA. From the resulting substitution rate distribution, we derived an equation that gives a more realistic relationship between sequence dissimilarity and evolutionary distance than equations previously available. Phylogenetic trees constructed on the basis of evolutionary distances computed by this new method clearly situate the chlorarachniophyte nucleomorphs among the green algae. Moreover, this relationship is confirmed by transversion analysis of the Chlorarachnion plastid small subunit ribosomal RNA.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Substitution rate calibration of small subunit ribosomal RNA identifies chlorarachniophyte endosymbionts as remnants of green algae.

Peer

Rensing

Maier

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

152

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“…In green algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has Arabidopsis-type telomere repeats (Petracek et al 1990) and Chlorella vulgaris has human-type telomere repeats (Higashiyama et al 1995). These studies suggest that green algae may have both telomere sequences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Survey of Arabidopsis- and Human-type Telomere Repeats in Plants Using Fluorescence in situ Hybridisation

Shibata

Hizume

2011

CYTOLOGIA

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SummaryThe nucleotide sequences of telomere repeats have been identified in many eukaryotes since Blackburn and Gall (1978), and these sequences are specific to the genus or higher taxonomic group. Wide vision telomere sequences are variable across eukaryotes. In plants, Arabidopsis-type telomere repeats (TTTAGGG) n are dominant, although human-type telomere repeats (TTAGGG) n have been reported in a few taxa. Recently, the evolution of these telomere repeats in plants has become the focus of many studies. In this report, the Arabidopsis-type telomere repeat and human-type telomere repeat were surveyed in 87 species of gymnosperms and angiosperms. In 1 gymnosperm species and 62 angiosperm species, fluorescence in situ hybridisation signals of both Arabidopsistype and human-type telomere repeats were detected. Three gymnosperm species and 12 angiosperm species showed only signals of Arabidopsis-type telomere repeats. In 5 angiosperm species, only human-type telomere repeat signals were detected. The co-localisation of Arabidopsis-and humantype telomere repeats on chromosome ends in a wide range of plant species is a novel discovery that may elucidate the evolution of telomere repeats in plants.

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“…The presence of telomeric or telomere-like repeats in non-telomeric locations has been detected in a large number of species (for reference see Richards, 1995;Lorite et al, 2002). In Arabidopsis , Silena latifolia, Nicotiana tomentosiformis, Chlorella vulgaris among others, variant or degenerated units of the TTTAGGG repeat were found adjacent to cloned telomeres or in subtelomeric regions (Richards et al, 1992;Higashiyama et al, 1995;Buzek et al, 1997;Horáková and Fajkus, 2000). The explanations for the occurrence of interstitial repeats are diverse (see Biessmann and Mason, 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterisation and chromosomal localisation of a telomere-like repetitive DNA sequence highly enriched in the C genome of <i>Brassica</i>

Santos

Becker

Ecke

et al. 2007

Cytogenet Genome Res

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The aim of this work was to find C genome specific repetitive DNA sequences able to differentiate the homeologous A (B. rapa) and C (B. oleracea) genomes of Brassica, in order to assist in the physical identification of B. napus chromosomes. A repetitive sequence (pBo1.6) highly enriched in the C genome of Brassica was cloned from B. oleracea and its chromosomal organisation was investigated through fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) in B. oleracea (2n = 18, CC), B. rapa (2n = 20, AA) and B. napus (2n = 38, AACC) genomes. The sequence was 203 bp long with a GC content of 48.3%. It showed up to 89% sequence identity with telomere-like DNA from many plant species. This repeat was clearly underrepresented in the A genome and the in situ hybridisation showed its B. oleracea specificity at the chromosomal level. Sequence pBo1.6 was localised at interstitial and/or telomeric/subtelomeric regions of all chromosomes from B. oleracea, whereas in B. rapa no signal was detected in most of the cells. In B. napus 18 to 24 chromosomes hybridised with pBo1.6. The discovery of a sequence highly enriched in the C genome of Brassica opens the opportunity for detailed studies regarding the subsequent evolution of DNA sequences in polyploid genomes. Moreover, pBo1.6 may be useful for the determination of the chromosomal location of transgenic DNA in genetically modified oilseed rape.

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Molecular organization of Chlorella vulgaris chromosome I: presence of telomeric repeats that are conserved in higher plants

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Substitution rate calibration of small subunit ribosomal RNA identifies chlorarachniophyte endosymbionts as remnants of green algae.

Substitution rate calibration of small subunit ribosomal RNA identifies chlorarachniophyte endosymbionts as remnants of green algae.

Survey of Arabidopsis- and Human-type Telomere Repeats in Plants Using Fluorescence in situ Hybridisation

Molecular characterisation and chromosomal localisation of a telomere-like repetitive DNA sequence highly enriched in the C genome of <i>Brassica</i>

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