Molecular neuroimaging with PET/MRI

Garibotto, Valentina; Förster, Stefan; Haller, Sven; Vargas, María Isabel; Drzezga, Alexander

doi:10.1007/s40336-013-0007-1

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…As the thickness of the cortical gray matter is comparable to the spatial resolution of current PET scanners, the brain PET signal is affected by the PVE. This underestimation is accentuated in cases of brain atrophy, which is a hallmark of dementia disorders [29,92,93]. MRI with high soft-tissue contrast can be used to estimate the morphological framework from which the PET signal is emitted [93].…”

Section: Partial Volume Effect Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This underestimation is accentuated in cases of brain atrophy, which is a hallmark of dementia disorders [29,92,93]. MRI with high soft-tissue contrast can be used to estimate the morphological framework from which the PET signal is emitted [93]. Several methods for PVE correction have been proposed, including region-based, voxel-based, with or without additional information for MRI and statistical iterative reconstruction techniques incorporating PVE correction during the reconstruction process [29].…”

Section: Partial Volume Effect Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FDG PET/MR Imaging in Major Neurocognitive Disorders

Mainta¹,

Perani

Delattre³

et al. 2017

CAR

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PET/MRI tomographs represent the latest development in hybrid molecular imaging, opening new perspectives for clinical and research applications and attracting a large interest among the medical community. This new hybrid modality is expected to play a pivotal role in a number of clinical applications and among these the assessment of neurodegenerative disorders. PET and MRI, acquired separately, are already the imaging biomarkers of choice for a comprehensive assessment of the changes occurring in dementias (major cognitive disorders) as well as in their prodromal phase. In this paper we review the current evidence on the use of integrated PET/MRI scanners to investigate patients with neurodegenerative conditions, and in particular major neurocognitive disorders. The number of studies performed is still limited and shows that the use of PET/MRI gives results overall comparable to PET/CT and MRI acquired independently. We also address the challenges for quantitative aspects in PET/MRI, namely attenuation, partial volume and motion correction and the use of semi-quantitative approaches for FDG PET image analysis in this framework. The recent development of PET tracers for the in vivo differential diagnosis of dementias, able to visualize amyloid and tau deposits, suggests that in the future PET/MRI might represent the investigation of choice for a single session evaluation of morphological, functional and molecular markers.

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Section: Partial Volume Effect Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Partial Volume Effect Correctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FDG PET/MR Imaging in Major Neurocognitive Disorders

Mainta¹,

Perani

Delattre³

et al. 2017

CAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The recently developed PET/MRI techniques are of particular interest for the fields of neurology and neuroscience, given that PET and MRI are the neuroimaging methods of choice for many clinical and scientific applications [32]. Crucial ''technical factors'' worth considering in relation to these techniques include a lower radiation exposure in comparison to CT/PET, the possibility of obtaining partial volume correction of PET data using MRI information, and the possibility of performing MRI-based assessment of blood-brain disruption for correlation with tracer uptake on PET.…”

Section: Pet/mri Hybrid Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other technical aspects, in particular the availability of high-resolution scanners and advanced methods of data analysis, are also crucial factors to take into account in the evaluation of the dysfunctional brain. Hybrid PET/MRI techniques have great potential for clinical and research applications [32]. PET/MRI is of special interest for the neuroscience field, given that PET and MRI are the neuroimaging methods of choice for many clinical and scientific applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FDG PET and cognitive symptoms of dementia

Perani

2013

Clin Transl Imaging

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The fundamentals of FDG PET are well established, and are based on extensively explored molecular mechanisms. The existing methods for semiquantitative assessment of brain functional changes provide topographical maps of molecular alterations both for group and single-subject comparisons. This functional brain-based approach to derangement of high-order cognition has provided and will continue to provide highquality findings that will help further understanding of brain cognitive activity and of the brain-cognition correlates and their importance in the diagnosis of the underlying pathology. This article examines the relationship between changes in brain metabolic activity and the resulting impairment of high-order cognition in dementia conditions. FDG PET imaging in subjects with underlying neurodegenerative pathology has emerged as a crucial tool available to the fields of cognitive neurology and neuroscience for both diagnosis and evaluation of the involved neural systems, extending the neuropsychology-based understanding of the brain/cognition relationship. As an effect of the multiple underlying pathologies, the cognitive deficits encountered encompass different aspects of neuropsychology: language, memory, performance monitoring, decision making, reasoning, and even ''personality.'' It is to be noted that FDG PET studies of brain cognitive reserve have so far supported the existence of functional reserve phenomena in neurodegenerative dementia, and specifically in AD. The newly integrated PET/MRI techniques will likely become crucial clinical and research tools in neurology, nuclear medicine and in the neuroscience field generally. Hybrid PET/MRI will allow integration of the molecular information provided by PET with the various morphological and functional parameters measured by MRI, in the same subject and in a single study session. Future progress depends on exploration of these relationships to pave the way for new insights into neuroscience and neurology.

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“…Indeed multimodal imaging and the combined evaluation of PET and MRI data increase diagnostic accuracy substantially (Dukart et al, 2011). Recently, hybrid PET/MRI scanners have become available and they seem to be the most promising instruments from the perspective of the search for sensitive biomarkers of dementia (Garibotto et al, 2013). The use of this hybrid technology has several advantages.…”

Section: Hybrid Pet/mr Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementias

Sole¹,

Malaspina²,

A³

2016

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SummaryNeuroimaging, both with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), has gained a pivotal role in the diagnosis of primary neurodegenerative diseases. These two techniques are used as biomarkers of both pathology and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and to differentiate AD from other neurodegenerative diseases. MRI is able to identify structural changes including patterns of atrophy characterizing neurodegenerative diseases, and to distinguish these from other causes of cognitive impairment, e.g. infarcts, space-occupying lesions and hydrocephalus. PET is widely used to identify regional patterns of glucose utilization, since distinct patterns of distribution of cerebral glucose metabolism are related to different subtypes of neurodegenerative dementia. The use of PET in mild cognitive impairment, though controversial, is deemed helpful for predicting conversion to dementia and the dementia clinical subtype. Recently, new radiopharmaceuticals for the in vivo imaging of amyloid burden have been licensed and more tracers are being developed for the assessment of tauopathies and inflammatory processes, which may underlie the onset of the amyloid cascade. At present, the cerebral amyloid burden, imaged with PET, may help to exclude the presence of AD as well as forecast its possible onset. Finally PET imaging may be particularly useful in ongoing clinical trials for the development of dementia treatments. In the near future, the use of the above methods, in accordance with specific guidelines, along with the use of effective treatments will likely lead to more timely and successful treatment of neurodegenerative dementias.

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Molecular neuroimaging with PET/MRI

Cited by 13 publications

References 54 publications

FDG PET/MR Imaging in Major Neurocognitive Disorders

FDG PET/MR Imaging in Major Neurocognitive Disorders

FDG PET and cognitive symptoms of dementia

Magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography in the diagnosis of neurodegenerative dementias

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