Molecular methods for strain typing of <i>Candida albicans</i>
: a review

Saghrouni, F.; Abdeljelil, J. Ben; Boukadida, Jalel; Saïd, M. Ben

doi:10.1111/jam.12132

Cited by 54 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 147 publications

(320 reference statements)

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“…There are several molecular typing methods to investigate C. albicans clones [38]. In addition to MLST, the methods include polymerase chain reaction M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 15 fingerprinting and random amplification of polymorphic DNA [39], restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis [40], pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) [19], and Southern blot hybridization with discriminating probes [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to MLST, the methods include polymerase chain reaction M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 15 fingerprinting and random amplification of polymorphic DNA [39], restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis [40], pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) [19], and Southern blot hybridization with discriminating probes [38]. The strengths of MLST are not only a highly discriminative tool in analyzing the genetic relatedness among sequential isolates from the same or different study sites, but also allowing the inter-laboratory comparison worldwide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical and molecular characteristics of bloodstream infections caused by Candida albicans in children from 2003 to 2011

Tsai

Wang

Hsu

et al. 2015

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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We investigated the clinical and molecular characteristics of Candida albicans bloodstream infection (BSI) in children from a tertiary-level medical centre in Taiwan over a 9-year period from January 2003 to December 2011. We performed multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to investigate the genetic relatedness of these C. albicans BSI isolates. A total of 79 episodes of C. albicans BSI in 76 paediatric patients were identified, including 41 (51.9%) from the paediatric intensive care unit, 24 (30.4%) from the neonatal intensive care unit and 14 (17.7%) from general wards. More than half (59.5%) of these patients had underlying chronic co-morbidities, and the majority (94.9%) had a catheter or some other artificial device. All the isolates were susceptible to the antifungal agents tested. Only 32.9% (26/79) received effective antifungal agents within 24 h of onset of candidaemia. Twenty-five (31.6%) patients had persistent candidaemia (>3 days after the start of antifungal treatment) and candidaemia-attributable mortality rate was 22.8% (18/79). The 72 isolates available for MLST yielded 53 unique diploid sequence types (DSTs). Forty-five DSTs were singletons and eight DSTs were shared by 27 (37.5%) isolates. Seventy-one (98.6%) isolates were clustered within previously known clades. Based on the definition of two or more strains with shared DST occurring within a period of 90 days, 10.1% of the infections were categorized as nosocomial clusters, most commonly identified in the intensive care units. Although cluster-associated candidaemia was not associated with a higher mortality rate, none of the clusters were identified by the hospital infection control team.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and molecular characteristics of bloodstream infections caused by Candida albicans in children from 2003 to 2011

Tsai

Wang

Hsu

et al. 2015

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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“…This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work is properly cited break of infection; 3) distinguishing epidemic from sporadic or endemic strains; 4) identifying the etiology of infection, strain transmission, and acquisition routes; 5) examining the genetic diversity of isolates from a carrier; 6) determining recurrent infections to find virulent strains; 7) evaluating the emergence of drug-resistant strains; and 8) assessing the population diversity, structure, and dynamics (7,8). Typing methods are recognized as helpful tools in differentiating strains causing recurrent infections (7). Despite the availability of different typing methods for C. albicans (eg, PCR-RFLP, AFLP, and MLST), microsatellite length polymorphism (MLP) is known as a highly efficient method of fragment length analysis of microsatellites (9, 10), with high reproducibility and discriminatory power (11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite Length Polymorphism for DNA-Based Typing of Candida albicans Isolated from HIV Positive Patients in Tehran, Iran

Ehsan

Katiraee

Mohammadi

et al. 2018

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: The importance of Candida albicans as the most common cause of fungal infections in humans is undeniable. Genotyping methods have been developed as useful tools to differentiate between fungal strains isolated from various infections. Several molecular typing methods have been described for C. albicans, and fragment length analysis of microsatellites called microsatellite fragment length polymorphism (MLP) is one of the most accurate genotyping methods. Objectives: The present study aimed at evaluating the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among C. albicans isolates recovered from HIV-positive patients with oral candidiasis in Iran using MLP. Methods: We analyzed 30 isolates of C. albicans obtained from HIV-positive patients in Tehran. Genotypes of C. albicans isolates associated with oropharyngeal candidiasis were determined using microsatellite length polymorphism analysis. Three loci including EF3, CDC3, and HIS3 were amplified using multiplex PCR. After amplification, the product was run on an automated single-capillary genetic analyzer, and band sizes (known as alleles) were calculated with gene scan mapper. Results: PCR MLP typing of the 30 isolates under study yielded 27 different profiles, and the discriminatory power index was obtained as 0.993. Ten alleles and 18 different combinations were detected for the EF3 gene, 7 alleles and 18 combinations for the EF3 gene, and 10 alleles and 14 combinations for the HIS3 gene. Only 2 isolates were homozygous in all the 3 loci. To identify the origin of superficial infections in 6 patients, C. albicans isolates from the superficial as well as oral samples were simultaneously genotyped. Results showed the identity of genotypes in 4 of these patients. For 1 patient, the C. albicans genotype of the nails was different from the genotype observed in the oral cavity, which raised the possibility of an exogenous source for the superficial infection. Also, there were changes at only 1 or 2 alleles, which represented microevolution in some isolates. Conclusions: The high variation of genotypes throughout the population of C. albicans suggested that the microsatellite fragment length polymorphism using multiplex PCR-based system provided high-speed genotyping, indicating its usefulness in molecular epidemiological evaluation.

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“…Review papers on the molecular biology of C. albicans are available [7], [12], [13], [14], [15] which address the current advances made in the understanding of C. albicans molecular genetics. In addition, a very useful WWW Server on C. albicans research (http://alces.med.umn.edu/candida.html) has been created by Dr. Scherer (Univ.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular-Genetic Approaches for Identification and Typing of Pathogenic Candida Yeasts: A Review

Singh¹

2014

IJIRSET

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Candida is a medically important fungi because of its high frequency as a commensal and pathogenic microorganism causing superficial as well as invasive infections. Because the accurate diagnosis of candidiasis remains difficult, a fast and reliable assay for characterization of fungal pathogens is critical for the early initiation of adequate antifungal therapy and/or for introduction of preventive measures. As novel molecular genetic techniques are continuously introduced, their role in the management of infectious diseases has also been growing .Strain typing and delineation of the species are essential for understanding its biology, epidemiology and population structure. A wide range of molecular techniques have been used for this purpose including non-DNA-based methods (multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis), conventional DNA-based methods (electrophoretic karyotyping, random amplified polymorphic DNA, amplified fragment length polymorphism, restriction enzyme analysis with and without hybridization, rep-PCR) and DNA-based methods called exact typing (PCR based methods, microstallite length polymorphism, multilocus sequence typing, DNA microarray ) because they generate unambiguous and highly reproducible typing data. Today, molecular strategies complement conventional methods and provide more accurate and detailed insight. It can be expected that future technical development will improve their potential furthermore.In this article, we provide a critical review on the vigorously fermenting field of molecular approaches to Candida identification and typing and summarized their advantages and limitations with regard to their discriminatory power, reproducibility, cost and ease of performance.

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Molecular methods for strain typing of Candida albicans : a review

Cited by 54 publications

References 147 publications

Clinical and molecular characteristics of bloodstream infections caused by Candida albicans in children from 2003 to 2011

Clinical and molecular characteristics of bloodstream infections caused by Candida albicans in children from 2003 to 2011

Microsatellite Length Polymorphism for DNA-Based Typing of Candida albicans Isolated from HIV Positive Patients in Tehran, Iran

Molecular-Genetic Approaches for Identification and Typing of Pathogenic Candida Yeasts: A Review

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