Molecular Mechanisms of Stem Cell Aging

Jazbec, Katerina; Jež, Mojca; Justin, Mojca; Rožman, Primož

doi:10.26873/svr-545-2018

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It was previously shown that old bone marrow (BM) cells have a lower proliferative capacity [ 5 , 8 ], resulting in a lower cell density in the HSC niche. In our study, this was confirmed after two and three weeks of culturing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Characteristics of Young and Old Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches, as Modeled In Vitro

et al. 2023

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The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche undergoes detrimental changes with age. The molecular differences between young and old niches are well studied and understood; however, young and old niches have not yet been extensively characterized in terms of morphology. In the present work, a 2D stromal model of young and old HSC niches isolated from bone marrow was investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to characterize cell density after one, two, or three weeks of culturing, cell shape, and cell surface morphological features. Our work is aimed at identifying morphological differences between young and old niche cells that could be used to discriminate between their respective murine HSC niches. The results show several age-specific morphological characteristics. The old niches differ from the young ones in terms of lower cell proliferating capacity, increased cell size with a flattened appearance, increased number of adipocytes, and the presence of tunneling nanotubes. In addition, proliferating cell clusters are present in the young niches but not in the old niches. Together, these characteristics could be used as a relatively simple and reliable tool to discriminate between young and old murine HSC niches and as a complementary approach to imaging with specific cellular markers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, (g) changes in metabolism and nutrient sensing occur, where signaling pathways involved in anabolic processes accelerate the aging of HSCs. Intrinsic cellular alterations have been extensively reviewed in several studies [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Characteristics of Young and Old Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches, as Modeled In Vitro

et al. 2023

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“…The aging process is a dynamic, time-dependent process characterized by the gradual, ever-increasing cell damage, the progressive reduction of cell functions, and the increased susceptibility to morbidity (Valavanidis et al, 2012 ). Although aging is a relatively well-preserved process among all organisms, the underlying molecular mechanisms differ between species and are still an active field of investigation (Xu and Tahara, 2013 ; Deschênes and Chabot, 2017 ; Magalhães et al, 2018 ; Jazbec et al, 2019 ; Warraich et al, 2020 ). Both genetic and environmental factors seem to variably contribute to the aging process, with environmental factors being major contributors (Kirkwood, 2005a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Overview of the Complex Role of Oxidative Stress in Aging, The Contributing Environmental Stressors and Emerging Antioxidant Therapeutic Interventions

Iakovou

Kourti

2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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IntroductionAging is a normal, inevitable, irreversible, and progressive process which is driven by internal and external factors. Oxidative stress, that is the imbalance between prooxidant and antioxidant molecules favoring the first, plays a key role in the pathophysiology of aging and comprises one of the molecular mechanisms underlying age-related diseases. However, the oxidative stress theory of aging has not been successfully proven in all animal models studying lifespan, meaning that altering oxidative stress/antioxidant defense systems did not always lead to a prolonged lifespan, as expected. On the other hand, animal models of age-related pathological phenotypes showed a well-correlated relationship with the levels of prooxidant molecules. Therefore, it seems that oxidative stress plays a more complicated role than the one once believed and this role might be affected by the environment of each organism. Environmental factors such as UV radiation, air pollution, and an unbalanced diet, have also been implicated in the pathophysiology of aging and seem to initiate this process more rapidly and even at younger ages.AimThe purpose of this review is to elucidate the role of oxidative stress in the physiology of aging and the effect of certain environmental factors in initiating and sustaining this process. Understanding the pathophysiology of aging will contribute to the development of strategies to postpone this phenomenon. In addition, recent studies investigating ways to alter the antioxidant defense mechanisms in order to prevent aging will be presented.ConclusionsCareful exposure to harmful environmental factors and the use of antioxidant supplements could potentially affect the biological processes driving aging and slow down the development of age-related diseases. Maybe a prolonged lifespan could not be achieved by this strategy alone, but a longer healthspan could also be a favorable target.

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Molecular Mechanisms of Stem Cell Aging

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

Morphological Characteristics of Young and Old Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches, as Modeled In Vitro

Morphological Characteristics of Young and Old Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches, as Modeled In Vitro

A Comprehensive Overview of the Complex Role of Oxidative Stress in Aging, The Contributing Environmental Stressors and Emerging Antioxidant Therapeutic Interventions

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