Molecular mechanisms of N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid, a chemical tool in plant biology and agriculture

Kong, Mengjuan; Liu, Xin; Sun, Linfeng; Tan, Shutang

doi:10.1186/s43897-022-00043-y

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Therefore, although other related action mechanisms cannot be ruled out, NPA might be blocking the activity of specific members of the PIN family in chestnut, impeding the establishment of auxin gradients. These gradients and the generated maxima and minima are essential in plants to deploy plastic developmental responses [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, modulation of PAT through the application of exogenous auxin or by means of specific PAT inhibitors enables the induction of AR or helps in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms related to the induction of the process, respectively. N-1-naphthyl-phthalamic acid (NPA) is a PAT inhibitor widely used in research to characterize auxin-related responses and in horticulture and agriculture as an anti-auxin compound [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of CsSCL1 and Rooting Response in Chestnut Leaves Are Dependent on the Auxin Polar Transport and the Ontogenetic Origin of the Tissues

Varas

Valladares

Vielba

et al. 2023

Plants

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The mechanisms underlying the de novo regeneration of adventitious roots are still poorly understood, particularly in trees. We developed a system for studying adventitious rooting (AR) at physiological and molecular levels using leaves excised from chestnut microshoots of the same genotype but with two distinct ontogenetic origins that differ in rooting competence. Leaves were treated with auxin and N-1-naphthyl-phthalamic acid (NPA), an inhibitor of auxin polar transport (PAT). The physiological effects were investigated by recording rooting rates and the number and quality of the roots. Molecular responses were examined by localizing and monitoring the changes in the expression of CsSCL1, an auxin-inducible gene in juvenile and mature shoots during AR. The rooting response of leaves was ontogenetic-stage dependent and similar to that of the donor microshoots. Initiation of root primordia and root development were inhibited by application of NPA, although its effect depended on the timing of application. CsSCL1 was upregulated by auxin only in rooting-competent leaves during the novo root organogenesis, and the expression was reduced by NPA. The inhibitory effect on gene expression was detected during the reprograming of rooting competent cells towards root initials in response to auxin, indicating that PAT-mediated upregulation of CsSCL1 is required in the initial steps of AR in chestnut leaves. The localized expression of CsSCL1 in the quiescent center (QC) also suggests a role for this gene in the maintenance of meristematic competence and root radial patterning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of CsSCL1 and Rooting Response in Chestnut Leaves Are Dependent on the Auxin Polar Transport and the Ontogenetic Origin of the Tissues

Varas

Valladares

Vielba

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…In the history of auxin research, various chemical tools have been developed and they play important roles in overcoming the problem of functional redundancy for gene families (Kong et al, 2022). For example, L-Kynurenine targets TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE OF ARABIDOPSIS (TAA1)/ TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE RELATED PROTEIN (TAR) enzymes to inhibit auxin biosynthesis in planta (He et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical inhibition of PIN auxin transporters by the anti-inflammatory drug Naproxen

Xia

Kong

Yang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The phytohormone auxin plays central roles in many growth and developmental processes in plants. Development of chemical tools targeting the auxin pathway is useful for both plant biology and agriculture. Here we uncover that Naproxen, a synthetic compound with anti-inflammatory activity in humans, acts as an auxin transport inhibitor targeting PIN transporters in plants. Physiological experiments indicate that exogenous Naproxen treatment affects pleiotropic auxin-regulated developmental processes. Further cellular and biochemical evidence supports that Naproxen suppresses auxin transport, specifically PIN-mediated auxin efflux. Moreover, biochemical and structural analysis confirms that Naproxen binds directly to PIN1 protein, via the same binding cavity as the IAA substrate. Thus, by combining cellular, biochemical, and structural approaches, this study well establishes that Naproxen is a PIN inhibitor and elucidates the underlying mechanisms. Further use of the compound may advance our understanding on the molecular mechanisms of PIN-mediated auxin transport, and expand our toolkit in auxin biology and agriculture.

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Chemical inhibition of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED auxin transporters by the anti-inflammatory drug naproxen

Xia

Kong

Yang

et al. 2023

Plant Communications

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Molecular mechanisms of N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid, a chemical tool in plant biology and agriculture

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Expression of CsSCL1 and Rooting Response in Chestnut Leaves Are Dependent on the Auxin Polar Transport and the Ontogenetic Origin of the Tissues

Expression of CsSCL1 and Rooting Response in Chestnut Leaves Are Dependent on the Auxin Polar Transport and the Ontogenetic Origin of the Tissues

Chemical inhibition of PIN auxin transporters by the anti-inflammatory drug Naproxen

Chemical inhibition of Arabidopsis PIN-FORMED auxin transporters by the anti-inflammatory drug naproxen

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