Molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in ovarian cancer

Norouzi-Barough, Leyla; Sarookhani, Mohammad Reza; Sharifi, Mohammadreza; Moghbelinejad, Sahar; Jangjoo, Saranaz; Salehi, Roya

doi:10.1002/jcp.26289

Cited by 171 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 187 publications

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“…Gene products responsible for reduced cellular internalization of drugs, altered drug metabolism, dysregulation of cell metabolism, alteration of cell death mechanisms, alteration of DNA repair, modification of epigenetic and DNA repair machineries, dysregulated expression of noncoding RNAs represent common mechanism of cancer cell generation [2]. Recently, also the spreading of oncogenic molecules (non-coding RNAs for example) via lipid vesicles like exosomes has been proposed as a mechanism of tumor dissemination [3].…”

Section: Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

E2F1 as a molecular drug target in ovarian cancer

Farra¹,

Dapas²,

Grassi

et al. 2019

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

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Section: Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

E2F1 as a molecular drug target in ovarian cancer

Farra¹,

Dapas²,

Grassi

et al. 2019

Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets

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“…Interestingly, it is now evident that only 2% of the human genome encodes proteins and 98% is actively transcribed into RNA molecules that lost their protein coding capacity, and called non‐coding RNAs (ncRNA) (Morceau, Chateauvieux, Gaigneaux, Dicato, & Diederich, ). MiRNAs, as the most widely described ncRNAs, are a class of small molecules with 19–24 nucleotides in length, playing important roles in many biological pathways (Norouzi‐Barough et al, ). Lin‐4 was the first miRNA, identified by Ambros, and colleagues in C. elegans in 1993, and since then miRNAs have been considerably examined in many studies (Lee, Feinbaum, & Ambros, ).…”

Section: Micrornas: Definition Biogenesis and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal miRNAs as novel cancer biomarkers: Challenges and opportunities

Salehi

Sharifi²

2018

Journal Cellular Physiology

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194

148

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A biomarker with high specificity and sensitivity, is a basic requirement for non-invasive cancer diagnosis. Exosomes are a type of lipid bilayer extracellular vesicles (EVs), containing different components, including proteins, lipids, DNA, messenger RNA (mRNA), and non-coding RNAs. Increasing evidence indicates that nucleic acids are protected by exosome lipid membrane. These vesicles are almost released from all cell types, into biological fluids. In cancer, the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), located in the tumor cell-derived exosomes, is deregulated and it could be led to metastasis and therapy resistance. Due to the presence of exosomes in various body fluids and the stability of miRNAs in exosomes, exosomal miRNAs can provide a new class of biomarkers for early and minimally invasive cancer diagnosis. In this article, we review the miRNAs and their roles in cancer. Furthermore, we explain the different types of EVs, especially exosomes, and their functional roles in cancer. At the end, we discuss about the importance of exosomal miRNAs for cancer diagnosis. As well as, we briefly summarize the exosome isolation techniques and obstacles, limiting the clinical applications of exosomal miRNAs.

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“…The major pathways involved in EMT are TGF-β, HIF1-α, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch, which have also been associated with platinum resistance (102,103). General resistance mechanisms include reprogramming of metabolism and mitochondrial dysregulation, suppression of apoptotic mediators, up-regulated efflux pumps, reduced drug uptake, or intracellular detoxification (104). The molecular alterations leading to the platinum-resistant phenotype rarely include single nucleotide mutations in the known driver or resistance genes.…”

Section: Lncrnas Involved In Platinum-resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Long Non-coding RNAs Involved in Resistance to Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer

et al. 2020

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Ovarian cancer (OC) accounts for more than 150,000 deaths worldwide every year. Patients are often diagnosed at an advanced stage with metastatic dissemination. Although platinum-and taxane-based chemotherapies are effective treatment options, they are rarely curative and eventually, the disease will progress due to acquired resistance. Emerging evidence suggests a crucial role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the response to therapy in OC. Transcriptome profiling studies using high throughput approaches have identified differential expression patterns of lncRNAs associated with disease recurrence. Furthermore, several aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in resistant OC cells have been related to increased cell division, improved DNA repair, up-regulation of drug transporters or reduced susceptibility to apoptotic stimuli, supporting their involvement in acquired resistance. In this review, we will discuss the key aspects of lncRNAs associated with the development of resistance to platinum-and taxane-based chemotherapy in OC. The molecular landscape of OC will be introduced, to provide a background for understanding the role of lncRNAs in the acquisition of malignant properties. We will focus on the interplay between lncRNAs and molecular pathways affecting drug response to evaluate their impact on treatment resistance. Additionally, we will discuss the prospects of using lncRNAs as biomarkers or targets for precision medicine in OC. Although there is still plenty to learn about lncRNAs and technical challenges to be solved, the evidence of their involvement in OC and the development of acquired resistance are compelling and warrant further investigation for clinical applications.

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Molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in ovarian cancer

Cited by 171 publications

References 187 publications

E2F1 as a molecular drug target in ovarian cancer

E2F1 as a molecular drug target in ovarian cancer

Exosomal miRNAs as novel cancer biomarkers: Challenges and opportunities

Long Non-coding RNAs Involved in Resistance to Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer

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