Molecular karyotype analysis of Perkinsus atlanticus (Phylum Perkinsozoa) by pulsed field gel electrophoresis

Teles-Grilo, M. Leonor; Duarte, Sérgio M.; Tato-Costa, Joana; Gaspar-Maia, Alexandre; Oliveíra, Carla; Rocha, António A.; Marques, Américo; Cordeiro-da-Silva, Anabela; Azevedo, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2007.06.003

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Miozoa (mio-from Gk meion less, as in English minor or L. minuere to lessen) may now be considered to emphasize the almost exlusively haploid nature of the whole phylum, e.g. Teles-Grilo et al (2007a), in contrast to its sister Ciliophora, not as originally intended any specific form of meiosis. Restricting Protalveolata only to Colponema, whose phenotype is clearly the least altered of any alveolates from their loukozoan ancestors is also nomenclaturally apposite.…”

Section: Restriction Of Alveolate Miozoan Subphylum Protalveolata To mentioning

confidence: 98%

Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa

Cavalier‐Smith

2013

European Journal of Protistology

167

191

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Section: Restriction Of Alveolate Miozoan Subphylum Protalveolata To mentioning

confidence: 98%

Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa

Cavalier‐Smith

2013

European Journal of Protistology

167

191

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“…PmSOD2 or IspC) should reveal whether any other compartments contain DNA and potentially represent the relic plastid. Putative tRNAs, rRNAs and ORFs typically found on plastid genomes can also be used in high resolution in situ hybridisation to localise the putative plastidic transcripts (McFadden et al, 1996) or in pulse field gel electrophoresis of Perkinsus cells (Teles-Grilo et al, 2007a) optimised for the size range of pl DNA. Usefulness of the latter approach might be hard to predict if, similar to dinoflagellates, the Perkinsus plastid genome is in 2–3 Kb circles (Williams and Keeling, 2003; van der Giezen et al, 2005; Howe et al, 2008; Slamovits and Keeling, 2008; Hjort et al, 2010; Keeling, 2010).…”

Section: Working Hypothesis and Outstanding Questionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The search for the missing link: A relic plastid in Perkinsus?

Robledo

Caler

Matsuzaki

et al. 2011

International Journal for Parasitology

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Perkinsus marinus (Phylum Perkinsozoa) is a protozoan parasite that has devastated natural and farmed oyster populations in the USA, significantly affecting the shellfish industry and the estuarine environment. The other two genera in the phylum, Parvilucifera and Rastrimonas, are parasites of microeukaryotes. The Perkinsozoa occupies a key position at the base of the dinoflagellate branch, close to its divergence from the Apicomplexa, a clade that includes parasitic protista, many harbouring a relic plastid. Thus, as a taxon that has also evolved toward parasitism, the Perkinsozoa has attracted the attention of biologists interested in the evolution of this organelle, both in its ultrastructure and the conservation, loss or transfer of its genes. A review of the recent literature reveals mounting evidence in support of the presence of a relic plastid in P. marinus, including the presence of multimembrane structures, characteristic metabolic pathways and proteins with a bipartite N-terminal extension. Further, these findings raise intriguing questions regarding the potential functions and unique adaptation of the putative plastid and/or plastid genes in the Perkinsozoa. In this review we analyse the above-mentioned evidence and evaluate the potential future directions and expected benefits of addressing such questions. Given the rapidly expanding molecular/genetic resources and methodological toolbox for Perkinsus spp., these organisms should complement the currently established models for investigating plastid evolution within the Chromalveolata.

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“…In addition, the genome of P. marinus (∼86 million base pairs; Project ID: 12736, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomeprj/46451 ) is closer in overall size to apicomplexans (9–60 million base pairs; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genomeprj ), but orders of magnitude smaller than dinoflagellates (3–250 billion base pairs; e.g. [15] , [16] ), and P. atlanticus chromosomes are more like typical eukaryotic chromosomes than dinokaryotic chromosomes [17] . Thus, whether Perkinsus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spliced Leader RNAs, Mitochondrial Gene Frameshifts and Multi-Protein Phylogeny Expand Support for the Genus Perkinsus as a Unique Group of Alveolates

et al. 2011

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The genus Perkinsus occupies a precarious phylogenetic position. To gain a better understanding of the relationship between perkinsids, dinoflagellates and other alveolates, we analyzed the nuclear-encoded spliced-leader (SL) RNA and mitochondrial genes, intron prevalence, and multi-protein phylogenies. In contrast to the canonical 22-nt SL found in dinoflagellates (DinoSL), P. marinus has a shorter (21-nt) and a longer (22-nt) SL with slightly different sequences than DinoSL. The major SL RNA transcripts range in size between 80–83 nt in P. marinus, and ∼83 nt in P. chesapeaki, significantly larger than the typical ≤56-nt dinoflagellate SL RNA. In most of the phylogenetic trees based on 41 predicted protein sequences, P. marinus branched at the base of the dinoflagellate clade that included the ancient taxa Oxyrrhis and Amoebophrya, sister to the clade of apicomplexans, and in some cases clustered with apicomplexans as a sister to the dinoflagellate clade. Of 104 Perkinsus spp. genes examined 69.2% had introns, a higher intron prevalence than in dinoflagellates. Examination of Perkinsus spp. mitochondrial cytochrome B and cytochrome C oxidase subunit I genes and their cDNAs revealed no mRNA editing, but these transcripts can only be translated when frameshifts are introduced at every AGG and CCC codon as if AGGY codes for glycine and CCCCU for proline. These results, along with the presence of the numerous uncharacterized ‘marine alveolate group I' and Perkinsus-like lineages separating perkinsids from core dinoflagellates, expand support for the affiliation of the genus Perkinsus with an independent lineage (Perkinsozoa) positioned between the phyla of Apicomplexa and Dinoflagellata.

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Molecular karyotype analysis of Perkinsus atlanticus (Phylum Perkinsozoa) by pulsed field gel electrophoresis

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa

Early evolution of eukaryote feeding modes, cell structural diversity, and classification of the protozoan phyla Loukozoa, Sulcozoa, and Choanozoa

The search for the missing link: A relic plastid in Perkinsus?

Spliced Leader RNAs, Mitochondrial Gene Frameshifts and Multi-Protein Phylogeny Expand Support for the Genus Perkinsus as a Unique Group of Alveolates

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