Molecular Isolation of the <i>M</i> Gene Suggests That a Conserved-Residue Conversion Induces the Formation of Bisexual Flowers in Cucumber Plants

Li, Zheng; Huang, Sanwen; Liu, Shiqiang; Pan, Junsong; Zhang, Zhonghua; Tao, Qianyi; Shi, Qiuxiang; Jia, Zhiqi; Zhang, Weiwei; Chen, Huiming; Long-ting, SI; Zhu, Lihuang; Cai, Run

doi:10.1534/genetics.109.104737

Cited by 139 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Recently, Boualem et al (2008) and Li et al (2009) reported that mutation of a melon and cucumber ACS isogene (CmACS-7 and CsACS2, respectively) resulted in the transition from monoecy to andromonoecy. Thus, CmACS-7 (Boualem et al, 2008) and CsACS2 (Boualem et al, 2009;Li et al, 2009) repress stamen development in female flowers. CmACS-7 and CsACS2 are also members of the type 3 ACS isozyme subfamily.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Biosynthesis and Perception in Fruit

Tatsuki

2010

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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The gaseous plant hormone ethylene plays an essential role in a number of developmental processes, including seed germination, seedling growth, leaf and petal abscission, fruit ripening, and senescence. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) is a key enzyme in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway, and its activity increased in response to endogenous and exogenous factors. In fruit, different ACS isogenes are induced and are responsible for differences in ethylene production among cultivars. ACS is phosphorylated in vivo, and phosphorylation confers protein stability. Ethylene is perceived by ethylene receptors, many of which have been identified and are known to be negative regulators of ethylene signaling. This review focuses on transcriptional and post-translational regulation of ACS. Furthermore, the effect of ethylene on the stability of ethylene receptors in apple is described.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Biosynthesis and Perception in Fruit

Tatsuki

2010

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…Cucurbits are becoming primary models for the study of several biological processes (Boualem et al 2008;Ezura and Fukino 2009;Li et al 2009). The availability of molecular tools, including the whole genome sequence, has significantly increased in the last years, mainly for melon and cucumber (Huang et al 2009;Gonzalez et al 2010), but more recently also for the Cucurbita genus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The availability of molecular tools, including the whole genome sequence, has significantly increased in the last years, mainly for melon and cucumber (Huang et al 2009;Gonzalez et al 2010), but more recently also for the Cucurbita genus. Gong et al (2008) developed the first collection of genomic SSRs (gSSR), about 400, using an enriched genomic library from an oil-seed Pumpkin cultivar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Spanish Cucurbita pepo landraces: an unexploited resource for summer squash breeding

Formisano

Roig

Esteras

et al. 2011

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Cucurbita pepo is a world-wide cultivated vegetable of American origin. Most of the widely grown comercial types are known as Summer squashes and belong to the elongated forms of C. pepo ssp. pepo (Cocozelle, Vegetable marrow and Zucchini Groups). These forms were developed in Europe after the arrival of the first american landraces through a process of selection and fixation that led to the loss of genetic diversity. Part of the genetic variability included on the first American cultigens remains in diverse landraces, still cultivated for self-consumption and sale in local markets. Using the first colecction of genomic and EST derived microsatellites that has just become available for the species, we compared the natural variation present in a collection of Spanish landraces with that of a set of commercial varieties and hybrids, representing the current Summer squash market offer. A total of 194 alleles allowed us to distinguish all genotypes, even those closely related. In general, Cocozelle and Vegetable marrow, Groups with considerably long histories, were more variable than the Zucchini Group, of more recent origin. We found significant genetic diversity among landraces. Variation present in the local accessions belonging to the Zucchini Group was larger than that of commercial cultivars. Cluster, principal coordinates and population structure results suggested that the variation of the Spanish landraces has not been extensivelly used in breeding. Commercial Summer squashes can then benefit from this underexploited variability, specially from some landraces that already displayed favourable commercial traits.

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“…Similarly, stamen development is regulated by ethylene derived from the CS-ACS2 gene in cucumber plants ( Fig. 1A; Boualem et al, 2009;Li et al, 2009). Because the amino acid sequences of CmACS-7 and CS-ACS2 show a high degree of similarity (98%) (Boualem et al, 2008(Boualem et al, , 2009Li et al, 2009), these genes are homologs in Cucumis plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Yamasaki et al (2003b) also showed the possibility that the expression of the CS-ACS2 gene is regulated by M protein under short-day conditions. Recently, the CS-ACS2 gene was identified as the M gene (Boualem et al, 2009;Li et al, 2009); thus, both F and M genes encode ACC synthase in cucumber. Based on these reports, our genetic model of sex expression in cucumber plants can be modified as shown in Figure 1A.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Silver Nitrate Induces Functional Bisexual Flowers in Gynoecious Cucumber Plants (Cucumis sativus L.)

Yamasaki

Manabe

2011

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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The most common cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) show monoecious sex expression and produce both male and female flowers on the same plant, whereas plants of the gynoecious type produce only female flowers under natural conditions. Ethylene is a plant hormone that affects sex differentiation in cucumber plants. In the gynoecious cucumber, application of the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminoethoxyvinyl glycine (AVG) induced only male flowers, whereas application of the ethylene action inhibitor silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) induced male and morphologically bisexual flowers. To investigate whether the morphologically bisexual flowers that were induced by AgNO 3 in gynoecious cucumber plants have functional sexual organs, we analyzed the function of pistils and stamens. Seeds were produced by cross-fertilization and the pollen tubes were elongated on sucrose medium in eight of the twenty-five morphologically bisexual flowers. These results show that the application of AgNO 3 to gynoecious cucumber plants produces functional bisexual flowers. In functional bisexual flowers, the length of pistils was similar to that of the female flowers of gynoecious cucumber plants and the length of stamens was similar to that of male and bisexual flowers of andromonoecious cucumber plants. In contrast, stamen length was inversely proportional to pistil length in the group of morphologically bisexual flowers that were induced by AgNO 3 . These results suggest that the morphology of the sexual organs is different in morphologically bisexual flowers and in functional bisexual flowers. It is possible that the functional bisexual flowers that were induced by AgNO 3 in gynoecious cucumber plants are the result of exclusive blockade of ethylene signals that inhibit stamen development.

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Molecular Isolation of the M Gene Suggests That a Conserved-Residue Conversion Induces the Formation of Bisexual Flowers in Cucumber Plants

Cited by 139 publications

References 27 publications

Ethylene Biosynthesis and Perception in Fruit

Ethylene Biosynthesis and Perception in Fruit

Genetic diversity of Spanish Cucurbita pepo landraces: an unexploited resource for summer squash breeding

Application of Silver Nitrate Induces Functional Bisexual Flowers in Gynoecious Cucumber Plants (Cucumis sativus L.)

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