Molecular Iodine: Mild, Green, and Nontoxic Lewis Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds

Dandia, Anshu; Gupta, Sanjay; Maheshwari, Shuchi

doi:10.1007/978-81-322-1850-0_10

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 138 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Iodine-containing drugs seem to provide a viable option to overcome the antibiotic resistance problem, since they have strong antimicrobial properties and no acquired resistance to iodine has been reported ( 16 – 18 ). Molecular iodine is an effective mild and nontoxic Lewis acid catalyst ( 19 ) of great potential for synthesis of various macromolecular complexes ( 20 ) that can easily penetrate cells of microorganisms ( 21 ) and pass through bilipid layers of cell membranes ( 11 ). Since iodine can easily penetrate cell membranes, its application may be efficient against intracellular infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Transcriptional Responses and Metabolic Alterations in Three Multidrug-Resistant Model Microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-39, Escherichia coli ATCC BAA-196, and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC BAA-1790, on Exposure to Iodine-Containing Nano-micelle Drug FS-1

Korotetskiy¹,

Shilov²,

Кузнецова³

et al. 2021

mSystems

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Iodine is one of the oldest antimicrobial agents. Until now, there have been no reports on acquiring resistance to iodine. Recent studies showed promising results on application of iodine-containing nano-micelles, FS-1, against antibiotic-resistant pathogens as a supplement to antibiotic therapy. The mechanisms of the action, however, remain unclear. The aim of this study was to perform a holistic analysis and comparison of gene regulation in three phylogenetically distant multidrug-resistant reference strains representing pathogens associated with nosocomial infections from the ATCC culture collection: Escherichia coli BAA-196, Staphylococcus aureus BAA-39, and Acinetobacter baumannii BAA-1790. These cultures were treated by a 5-min exposure to sublethal concentrations of the iodine-containing drug FS-1 applied in the late lagging phase and the middle of the logarithmic growth phase. Complete genome sequences of these strains were obtained in the previous studies. Gene regulation was studied by total RNA extraction and Ion Torrent sequencing followed by mapping the RNA reads against the reference genome sequences and statistical processing of read counts using the DESeq2 algorithm. It was found that the treatment of bacteria with FS-1 profoundly affected the expression of many genes involved in the central metabolic pathways; however, alterations of the gene expression profiles were species specific and depended on the growth phase. Disruption of respiratory electron transfer membrane complexes, increased penetrability of bacterial cell walls, and osmotic and oxidative stresses leading to DNA damage were the major factors influencing the treated bacteria. IMPORTANCE Infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria threaten public health worldwide. Combinatorial therapy in which antibiotics are administered together with supplementary drugs improving susceptibility of pathogens to the regular antibiotics is considered a promising way to overcome this problem. An induction of antibiotic resistance reversion by the iodine-containing nano-micelle drug FS-1 has been reported recently. This drug is currently under clinical trials in Kazakhstan against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The effects of released iodine on metabolic and regulatory processes in bacterial cells remain unexplored. The current work provides an insight into gene regulation in the antibiotic-resistant nosocomial reference strains treated with iodine-containing nanoparticles. This study sheds light on unexplored bioactivities of iodine and the mechanisms of its antibacterial effect when applied in sublethal concentrations. This knowledge will aid in the future design of new drugs against antibiotic-resistant infections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Transcriptional Responses and Metabolic Alterations in Three Multidrug-Resistant Model Microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-39, Escherichia coli ATCC BAA-196, and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC BAA-1790, on Exposure to Iodine-Containing Nano-micelle Drug FS-1

Korotetskiy¹,

Shilov²,

Кузнецова³

et al. 2021

mSystems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Iodine-containing drugs seems to provide a viable option to overcome the antibiotic resistance problem, since they have strong antimicrobial properties and no acquired resistance to iodine has been reported [16][17][18]. Molecular iodine is an effective mild and nontoxic Lewis acid catalyst [19] of great potential for synthesis of various macromolecular complexes [20] that can easily penetrate cells of microorganisms [21] and pass through bi-lipid layers of cell membranes [11]. Since iodine can easily penetrate cell membranes, its application may be efficient against intracellular infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of transcriptional responses and metabolic alterations in three multidrug resistant model microorganisms,Staphylococcus aureusATCC BAA-39,Escherichia coliATCC BAA-196 andAcinetobacter baumanniiATCC BAA-1790, on exposure to iodine-containing nano-micelle drug FS-1

Korotetskiy

Shilov

Kuznetsova

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Iodine is one of the oldest antimicrobial agents. Till now there have been no reports on development of resistance to iodine. Recent studies showed promising results on the application of iodine-containing nano-micelles, FS-1, against antibiotic resistant pathogens as a supplement to antibiotic therapy. The mechanisms of action, however, remain unclear. The aim of this study was to perform a systemic analysis of gene regulation and metabolic alterations in three phylogenetically distant reference strains from ATCC culture collection representing multidrug resistant pathogens associated with nosocomial infections: Escherichia coli BAA-196, Staphylococcus aureus BAA-39 and Acinetobacter baumannii BAA-1790. These cultures were treated in 5 min exposure to sublethal doses of the iodine-containing drug FS-1 applied in the late lagging and the mid of the logarithmic growth phases. Complete genome sequences of these strains were obtained in previous studies. Gene regulation was studied by total RNA extraction and Ion Torrent sequencing followed by mapping the RNA reads against the reference genome sequences and statistical processing of read counts using the DESeq2 algorithm. It was found that the treatment of bacteria with FS-1 profoundly affected the expression of many genes involved in central metabolic pathways; however, alterations of gene expression profiles were species-specific and depended on the growth phase when the drug was applied. Disruption of respiratory electron-transfer membrane complexes, increased penetrability of bacterial cell wall, osmotic and oxidative stresses leading to DNA damage were the major factors influencing the treated bacteria.IMPORTANCEInfections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria threaten public health worldwide. Combinatorial therapy when antibiotics are administrated together with supplementary drugs improving susceptibility of pathogens to regular antibiotics is considered as a promising way to overcome this problem. An induction of antibiotic resistance reversion by the iodine-containing nano-micelle drug FS-1 was reported recently. This drug is currently under clinical trials in Kazakhstan against multidrug resistant tuberculosis. The effect of iodine solutes on metabolic and regulatory processes in bacterial cells remain unexplored that precludes the effective application of iodine-containing antimicrobials in medicine. The current work provides an insight into gene regulation in antibiotic resistant bacteria treated with iodine-containing nanoparticles. Our expectation is that this study will shed light on unexplored bioactivities of iodine and the mechanisms of its antibacterial effect when applied in low concentrations. This knowledge will aid in future design of new drugs against antibiotic resistant infections.

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Tryptanthrin and Its Derivatives in Drug Discovery: Synthetic Insights

2022

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Tryptanthrin is a golden-yellow, naturally occurring alkaloid that can be obtained from multiple sources and through different synthetic methodologies. This tetracyclic compound displays several relevant biological activities. The potential of this tetracyclic alkaloid has been widely explored, and several researchers have focused their attention on expanding the variety of tryptanthrin derivatives by using a range of synthetic strategies. In this short review, we aim to address recent developments in the synthesis of the tryptanthrin core, as well as the development of new strategies employed by synthetic organic chemists to obtain novel tryptanthrin derivatives with potential biological activity, using different tools from the chemists’ toolbox, such as photocatalysis, solvent-free approaches, and multicomponent reactions.

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Molecular Iodine: Mild, Green, and Nontoxic Lewis Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds

Cited by 3 publications

References 138 publications

Comparison of Transcriptional Responses and Metabolic Alterations in Three Multidrug-Resistant Model Microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-39, Escherichia coli ATCC BAA-196, and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC BAA-1790, on Exposure to Iodine-Containing Nano-micelle Drug FS-1

Comparison of Transcriptional Responses and Metabolic Alterations in Three Multidrug-Resistant Model Microorganisms, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC BAA-39, Escherichia coli ATCC BAA-196, and Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC BAA-1790, on Exposure to Iodine-Containing Nano-micelle Drug FS-1

Comparison of transcriptional responses and metabolic alterations in three multidrug resistant model microorganisms,Staphylococcus aureusATCC BAA-39,Escherichia coliATCC BAA-196 andAcinetobacter baumanniiATCC BAA-1790, on exposure to iodine-containing nano-micelle drug FS-1

Tryptanthrin and Its Derivatives in Drug Discovery: Synthetic Insights

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