Molecular Investigation of Tularemia Outbreaks, Spain, 1997–2008

Ariza-Miguel, Jaime; Johansson, Anders; Fernández-Natal, María Isabel; Martínez-Nistal, Carmen; Orduña, Antonio; Ferri, Elías Fernando Rodríguez; Hernández, Marta; Rodrı́guez-Lázaro, David

doi:10.3201/eid2005.130654

Cited by 35 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, inside genetic clades, we could not highlight any correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance. While a previous study highlighted this type of correlation for clade B.52 in Spain (Dwibedi et al, 2016), identification this clade in France in 1988 suggests dispersal of the bacterium from France to Spain as tularemia outbreaks in Spain have first been reported since 1997 (De Mateo and Ruiz Coisin, 1998;Allue et al, 2008;Ariza-Miguel et al, 2014). Moreover, the outbreak in 1997 was associated with hunting and handling of European brown hares (L. europaeus) in northwestern Spain, which seems to coincide with a spread from France to Spain.…”

Section: Geographic Distributionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in France (1947–2018)

et al. 2020

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Frontiers in Microbiology | www.frontiersin.org March 2020 | Volume 11 | Article 287 Kevin et al. Phylogeography of Francisella tularensis in Francewith the hypothesis of persistence of F. tularensis strains found in Western Europe in the environment, associated with slow replication rates. Moreover, the presence of identical genotypes across long periods of time, and across long distances, supports this hypothesis but also suggests long-distance dispersal of the bacterium.

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Section: Geographic Distributionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in France (1947–2018)

et al. 2020

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“…F. tularensis subsp. tularensis is recognized as the most deathful subspecies which encompasses a vast range of virulent factors [3-5]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Tularemia: Francisella Tularensis and Microarray Probe Designing

2016

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Background: Francisella tularensis (F. tularensis) is the etiological microorganism for tularemia. There are different forms of tularemia such as respiratory tularemia. Respiratory tularemia is the most severe form of tularemia with a high rate of mortality; if not treated. Therefore, traditional microbiological tools and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are not useful for a rapid, reliable, accurate, sensitive and specific diagnosis. But, DNA microarray technology does. DNA microarray technology needs to appropriate microarray probe designing.Objective:The main goal of this original article was to design suitable long oligo microarray probes for detection and identification of F. tularensis.Method:For performing this research, the complete genomes of F. tularensis subsp. tularensis FSC198, F. tularensis subsp. holarctica LVS, F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica, F. tularensis subsp. novicida (F. novicida U112), and F. philomiragia subsp. philomiragia ATCC 25017 were studied via NCBI BLAST tool, GView and PanSeq Servers and finally the microarray probes were produced and processed via AlleleID 7.7 software and Oligoanalyzer tool, respectively.Results:In this in silico investigation, a number of long oligo microarray probes were designed for detecting and identifying F. tularensis. Among these probes, 15 probes were recognized as the best candidates for microarray chip designing.Conclusion:Calibrated microarray probes reduce the biasis of DNA microarray technology as an advanced, rapid, accurate and cost-effective molecular diagnostic tool with high specificity and sensitivity. Professional microarray probe designing provides us with much more facility and flexibility regarding preparation of a microarray diagnostic chip.

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“…In Turkey, 205 cases were noted in the late 1990s associated with use of drinking water from a natural aqueduct [8]. In Spain, tularemia in humans was first reported in 1996, when 585 cases occurred associated with hare hunting [9]. In parts of Moravia, Slovakia and Austria, tularemia occurs endemically, the annual incidence varying from 1 to 5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants [10].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recognizing the possibility of bioterrorism in the face of emerging and reemerging zoonotic pathogens in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the war (1992-1995)

Hukić¹,

Ahmetagić²,

Tihić³

et al. 2017

Virol Res Rev

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Tularemia is a vector-borne zoonosis with a complex epidemiology caused by Francisella tularensis. F. tularensis is a non-motile, obligatory aerobic, facultative intracellular Gram-negative coccobacillus. The bacterium has a broad host range, i.e. mammals, birds and invertebrates. Two types (A, B) and four subspecies (F. tularensis subsp. tularensis (type A), F. tularensis subsp. holarctica (type B), F. tularensis subsp. mediasiatica and F. tularensis subsp. novicida.) are known today. Types A and B are of importance as they cause disease in humans and animals. Type A is present almost exclusively in North America and type B is found all over the Northern hemisphere.F. tularensis is considered to be a class A biological warfare agent, it is notoriously difficult to recognize infections in non-endemic regions and was produced as a weaponized agent by several countries in the 1960ties and 70ties.Humans can acquire tularemia by inhaling dust or aerosols contaminated with F. tularensis bacteria, this type of exposure can result in pneumonic tularemia, one of the most severe forms of the disease. especially farming involving machines that disperse remains of infected animals or carcasses. Rarely, water can become tularemia contaminated through contact with infected animals. Humans who drink contaminated and untreated water may contract oropharyngeal tularemia.The tularemia outbreak in B&H in 1995 showed an unusual number of oropharyngeal cases. As all aspects of this particular tularemia epidemic were not thoroughly investigated and the possible intentional use of agents of biological warfare remained a possibility, we reviewed all available data in order to assess whether the outbreak was natural.

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Molecular Investigation of Tularemia Outbreaks, Spain, 1997–2008

Abstract: This disease has reemerged because of persistence of local reservoirs of infection.

Cited by 35 publications

References 26 publications

Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in France (1947–2018)

Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in France (1947–2018)

Respiratory Tularemia: Francisella Tularensis and Microarray Probe Designing

Recognizing the possibility of bioterrorism in the face of emerging and reemerging zoonotic pathogens in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the war (1992-1995)

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