Molecular interaction between plants and Trichoderma species against soil-borne plant pathogens

Abstract

Trichoderma spp. (Hypocreales) are used worldwide as a lucrative biocontrol agent. The interactions of Trichoderma spp. with host plants and pathogens at a molecular level are important in understanding the various mechanisms adopted by the fungus to attain a close relationship with their plant host through superior antifungal/antimicrobial activity. When working in synchrony, mycoparasitism, antibiosis, competition, and the induction of a systemic acquired resistance (SAR)-like response are considered key factors in deciding the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma. Sucrose-rich root exudates of the host plant attract Trichoderma. The soluble secretome of Trichoderma plays a significant role in attachment to and penetration and colonization of plant roots, as well as modulating the mycoparasitic and antibiosis activity of Trichoderma. This review aims to gather information on how Trichoderma interacts with host plants and its role as a biocontrol agent of soil-borne phytopathogens, and to give a comprehensive account of the diverse molecular aspects of this interaction.

Plant growth-promoting bacteria potentiate antifungal and plant-beneficial responses of Trichoderma atroviride by upregulating its effector functions

“…As mentioned previously, both T. atroviride and PGPB are capable of inducing plant SAand JA-mediated defense systems, leaving plants resistant to pathogen attack [68]. Trichoderma can modulate SA and JA accumulation in plants, so it can colonize its host and establish the interaction, changing the phytohormone balance by increasing SA signaling and diminishing JA signaling [85,86], which is in accordance with our results, which show that T. atroviride induces SA accumulation and diminishes JA accumulation in the transgenic lines used (Fig 7). The consortia also showed a similar pattern of modulating SA-and JAmediated defense responses, suggesting that the presence of both beneficial microbes is capable of modulating phytohormone balance in Arabidopsis.…”

Enhancing dendrobine production in Dendrobium nobile through mono-culturing of endophytic fungi, Trichoderma longibrachiatum (MD33) in a temporary immersion bioreactor system

“…Trichoderma spp. have been reported to enhance plant growth, induce systemic resistance, and modulate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites ( Dutta et al., 2023 ). The UHPLC-MS analysis is a robust method for dendrobine identification and quantification.…”

Antifungal mechanism of cell-free supernatant produced by Trichoderma virens and its efficacy for the control of pear Valsa canker

“…Consequently, their application has been widely embraced in addressing diverse plant pathogens ( Zhang et al, 2016 ; Wu et al, 2017 ). Mycoparasitism, antibiosis, competition, and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) constitute the principal modes through which Trichoderma exerts its biocontrol activities ( Dutta et al, 2023 ). The antibiosis mechanism involved in the interaction between Trichoderma and pathogen is driven by a variety of primary and secondary metabolites secreted by Trichoderma .…”