2022
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314619
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Molecular Insights and Clinical Outcomes of Drugs of Abuse Adulteration: New Trends and New Psychoactive Substances

Abstract: Adulteration is a well-known practice of drug manufacturers at different stages of drug production. The intentional addition of active ingredients to adulterate the primary drug may enhance or mask pharmacological effects or may produce more potent drugs to increase the number of available doses and the dealer’s profit. Adulterants found in different drugs change over time in response to different factors. A systematic literature search in PubMed and Scopus databases and official international organizations’ w… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Drug dependents' urine contains high concentrations of heavy metals due to their adulteration with illicit drugs. Substance misuse and adulteration are prevalent when various active chemicals are added to medications for pharmacological or commercial reasons [ 26 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Drug dependents' urine contains high concentrations of heavy metals due to their adulteration with illicit drugs. Substance misuse and adulteration are prevalent when various active chemicals are added to medications for pharmacological or commercial reasons [ 26 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…23 Acetaminophen is commonly used as a bulking agent. 24 We suspect that the presence of stimulant adulterants such as methamphetamine, cocaine, and caffeine is likely intentional. Combining opioids and stimulants in a single ingestion is known to produce a synergistic, longer lasting euphoric effect.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Adulterants in counterfeit drugs are a significant concern; they have the potential to enhance both the recreational and harmful effects of the substance. Moreover, these adulterants undergo changes over time as a tactic to evade scrutiny and control by health services or food regulations [ 15 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%