Molecular imaging of carotid artery atherosclerosis with PET: a systematic review

Piri, Reza; Gerke, Oke; Høilund‐Carlsen, Poul Flemming

doi:10.1007/s00259-019-04622-y

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…FDG) is a glucose analog that can be taken up by metabolically active tissues and its phosphorylation reaction can reflect the glucose metabolism of tissue cells. The uptake of [18F]FDG is directly proportional to the number of macrophages in high-risk plaques, which has been confirmed in histological studies with samples acquired by endarterectomy (59). So, PET/CT imaging of macrophages within carotid atherosclerosis plaque via [18F] FDG tracer has attracted significant attention from researchers.…”

Section: -Deoxy-2-[18f] Fluoro-d-glucose ([18f]mentioning

confidence: 81%

“…So, PET/CT imaging of macrophages within carotid atherosclerosis plaque via [18F] FDG tracer has attracted significant attention from researchers. Other studies using [18F] FDG-PET/CT have confirmed that [18F] FDG uptake is significantly correlated with macrophage content (56,59). To overcome the lack of specificity of the [18F] FDG tracer, both 3 ′ -dexoy-3 ′ [18F] fluorothymidine ([18F] FLT) and rHDL serving as markers of PET/CT imaging can target macrophage accumulation and activity in individuals with atherosclerosis (60,61).…”

Section: -Deoxy-2-[18f] Fluoro-d-glucose ([18f]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular and Nonmolecular Imaging of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis

Tang

2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Atherosclerosis is a major cause of ischemic heart disease, and the increasing medical burden associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease has become a major public health concern worldwide. Macrophages play an important role in all stages of the dynamic progress of atherosclerosis, from its initiation and lesion expansion increasing the vulnerability of plaques, to the formation of unstable plaques and clinical manifestations. Early imaging can identify patients at risk of coronary atherosclerotic disease and its complications, enabling preventive measures to be initiated. Recent advances in molecular imaging have involved the noninvasive and semi-quantitative targeted imaging of macrophages and their related molecules in vivo, which can detect atheroma earlier and more accurately than conventional imaging. Multimodal imaging integrates vascular structure, function, and molecular imaging technology to achieve multi-dimensional imaging, which can be used to comprehensively evaluate blood vessels and obtain clinical information based on anatomical structure and molecular level. At the same time, the rapid development of nonmolecular imaging technologies, such as intravascular imaging, which have the unique advantages of having intuitive accuracy and providing rich information to identify macrophage inflammation and inform targeted personalized treatment, has also been seen. In this review, we highlight recent methods and research hotspots in molecular and nonmolecular imaging of macrophages in atherosclerosis that have enormous potential for rapid clinical application.

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Section: -Deoxy-2-[18f] Fluoro-d-glucose ([18f]mentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: -Deoxy-2-[18f] Fluoro-d-glucose ([18f]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Nonmolecular Imaging of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis

Tang

2021

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Therefore, NaF was proposed to detect microcalci cation as a sign of incipient atherosclerosis [21,25], which may not be as rapidly changing. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrate that arterial wall NaF uptake is due to adsorption to calcium deposits [26][27]. Likewise, high NaF uptake appears to be more consistently associated with different CVD risk factors [7].…”

Section: Strengths and Weaknesses In Relation To Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Year Change in 18F-Sodium Fluoride Uptake in Major Arteries of Healthy Subjects and Angina Pectoris Patients

Piri

Lici

Riyahimanesh

et al. 2021

Preprint

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PurposeTo examine 2-year changes in carotid and aortic 18F-sodium fluoride (NaF) uptake in both healthy controls and angina pectoris patients.MethodsTwenty-nine healthy subjects and 20 angina pectoris patients underwent 90-min NaF-PET/CT twice two years apart. The carotids and three sections of the aorta (arch, thoracic, abdominal) were manually segmented. NaF uptake was expressed as the mean and total standardized uptake values without and with partial volume correction (SUVmean, SUVtotal and cSUVmean, cSUVtotal). ResultsInsignificant tendencies were higher NaF uptake in angina patients at both time points with less uptake in healthy subjects and higher uptake in angina patients after 2 years. Thus, aortic cSUVmean of angina patients was 1.14±0.35 and 1.29±0.71 at baseline and after 2 years vs. 0.99±0.31 and 0.95±0.28 in healthy subjects. A similar pattern was observed for the carotid cSUVmean. NaF uptake at baseline could not predict a change in CT-calcification after 2 years. NaF uptake in all parts of the aorta correlated positively with age.ConclusionsSlightly, but consistently, higher arterial NaF uptake in the angina group indicated more ongoing microcalcification at both time points in patients than in healthy subjects. The 2-year changes were very small in both groups, albeit with a tendency of slight decreases among healthy controls and slight increases in angina patients despite statin therapy in half of these.

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“…Non-invasive carotid imaging techniques, such as ultrasound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography angiography (CTA), aim to characterize several morphological, functional or biochemical parameters associated with plaque ‘vulnerability’ and, thus, help estimate the risk of ischemic stroke [ 1 , 2 ]. Such parameters include the grade of stenosis, arterial wall remodelling, presence of a large lipid core and a thin fibrous cap, inflammation, intraplaque hemorrhage or neovascularization and nodular calcifications [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multispectral optoacoustic tomography of lipid and hemoglobin contrast in human carotid atherosclerosis

et al. 2021

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Several imaging techniques aim at identifying features of carotid plaque instability but come with limitations, such as the use of contrast agents, long examination times and poor portability. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) employs light and sound to resolve lipid and hemoglobin content, both features associated with plaque instability, in a label-free, fast and highly portable way. Herein, 5 patients with carotid atherosclerosis, 5 healthy volunteers and 2 excised plaques, were scanned with handheld MSOT. Spectral unmixing allowed visualization of lipid and hemoglobin content within three ROIs: whole arterial cross-section, plaque and arterial lumen. Calculation of the fat-blood-ratio (FBR) value within the ROIs enabled the differentiation between patients and healthy volunteers (P = 0.001) and between plaque and lumen in patients (P = 0.04). Our results introduce MSOT as a tool for molecular imaging of human carotid atherosclerosis and open new possibilities for research and clinical assessment of carotid plaques.

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Molecular imaging of carotid artery atherosclerosis with PET: a systematic review

Cited by 25 publications

References 87 publications

Molecular and Nonmolecular Imaging of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis

Molecular and Nonmolecular Imaging of Macrophages in Atherosclerosis

Two-Year Change in 18F-Sodium Fluoride Uptake in Major Arteries of Healthy Subjects and Angina Pectoris Patients

Multispectral optoacoustic tomography of lipid and hemoglobin contrast in human carotid atherosclerosis

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