Molecular identification of Theileria species in naturally infected sheep using nested PCR–RFLP

Nangru, Aman; Maharana, Biswa Ranjan; Vohra, Sukhdeep; Kumar, Brijesh

doi:10.1007/s00436-022-07489-5

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, in this study, the prevalence of T. annulata, which is morphologically, biologically, and phylogenetically closely related to T. lestoquardi, was observed to be 2.4% in goats. These data are not surprising and support the previous data since T. annulata was reported in sheep and goats in several studies [30][31][32]50,51]. It has been reported that sheep can become infected with T. annulata, exhibit clinical signs of theileriosis, and develop immunity against T. annulata [52].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Small Ruminant Piroplasmosis: High Prevalence of Babesia aktasi n. sp. in Goats in Türkiye

et al. 2023

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Small ruminant piroplasmosis is the hemoparasitic infection of sheep and goats caused by Babesia and Theileria species responsible for clinical infections with high mortality outcomes. The disease is transmitted by ixodid ticks and prevalent in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including Türkiye. A prevalence survey, using molecular methods, is conducted in this study to determine the frequency of newly defined Babesia aktasi n. sp. and other tick-borne piroplasm species in small ruminants in Turkiye. A total of 640 blood samples from sheep (n = 137) and goats (n = 503) were analyzed by nested PCR-based reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization. The results show that 32.3% (207/640) of apparently healthy, small ruminants are infected with three Theileria and two Babesia species. Babesia aktasi n. sp. was the most prevalent species in goats, with 22.5% of samples being positive, followed by B. ovis (4%), T. ovis (2.8%), T. annulata (2.6%), and Theileria sp. (0.6%). None of the sheep samples were positive for Babesia aktasi n. sp.; however, 51.8% were infected with T. ovis. In conclusion, the findings reveal that B. aktasi n. sp. is highly prevalent in goats, but absent in sheep. In future studies, experimental infections will determine whether B. aktasi n. sp. is infectious to sheep, as well as its pathogenicity in small ruminants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Due to the limitations of the RLB method in differentiating between T. annulata and T. lestoquardi species, the RFLP technique was used to identify these species [29][30][31][32]. In this study, RFLP analysis was performed on 12 DNA samples identified as T. annulata/T.…”

Section: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (Rflp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Ruminant Piroplasmosis: High Prevalence of Babesia aktasi n. sp. in Goats in Türkiye

et al. 2023

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“…ovis in small ruminants from the neighboring country India. In recent studies conducted in the Haryana state of India, Nangru et al reported that 23% of sheep [ 29 ] and 43% of goat blood samples [ 30 ] were infected with T . ovis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Few reports are available in the literature regarding the prevalence of T. ovis in small ruminants from the neighboring country India. In recent studies conducted in the Haryana state of India, Nangru et al reported that 23% of sheep [29] and 43% of goat blood samples [30] were infected with T. ovis. All these variations in the T. ovis infection rates could be caused by changes in bioclimatic conditions, geographic regions; tick density; management practices, and biotic factors like gender, age, and host immunity [14].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality, epidemiology and phylogeny of Theileria ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic infected goats from Pakistan

Irfan,

Chang,

Iqbal

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Caprine theileriosis, caused by Theileria ovis is a serious production issue, especially in the areas that depend on goats and sheep for milk, meat, and other economic benefits. Pakistan has a large goat population, but few reports have been documented from this country regarding PCR-based detection of T. ovis. The molecular prevalence of T. ovis, on a seasonal basis, in various goat breeds enrolled from Muzaffar Garh district of Punjab in Pakistan was determined from October 2018 to September 2019. In this study, 1084 goat blood samples were screened for the detection of T. ovis DNA through PCR-based amplification of 18S rRNA gene. Out of 1084 goats, 12 (1.11%) were infected with T. ovis. The parasite prevalence varied with the sampling seasons (Chi square test, P = 0.008), and the parasite prevalence was highest in goat blood samples collected in summer (2.39%) followed by winter (1.88%). DNA sequencing and BLAST analysis confirmed the presence of T. ovis, and the amplified isolates from the 18S rRNA gene of T. ovis were found to be highly conserved during phylogenetic analysis. Young goats (Fischer exact test, P = 0.022) were found more infected with T. ovis during the winter season. Infected goats had elevated white blood cell counts (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.04), blood urea nitrogen to Creatinine ratio (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.02) and decreased serum Creatinine (Two-sample t-test, P = 0.001) as compared to T. ovis negative goats. We report a relatively low molecular prevalence of T. ovis in goats from the Muzaffar Garh district. However, it is recommended that control measures to eradicate T. ovis infection in goats in this area should be taken.

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“…The best samples to perform molecular analysis are blood and spleen [ 105 ]. Different molecular techniques are available, including conventional PCR as well as electrophoretic agarose analysis, nested PCR, and other more modern techniques [ 82 , 105 , 106 ]. The advancement in the molecular field is especially relevant to the differentiation of Theileria species that are morphologically identical such as T. luwenshuni and T. uilenbergi [ 107 ].…”

Section: Theileriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaemia in Sheep Caused by Babesia and Theileria Haemoparasites

Villanueva‐Saz

Borobia

Fernández

et al. 2022

Animals

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Piroplasmoses in sheep are caused by vector-borne apicomplexan protozoa, Babesia and Theileria. Different species are responsible for the disease; some species are more pathogenic than others and have a worldwide distribution. In this sense, these causative agents can cause anaemia in flocks. In general, these vector-borne diseases infect small ruminants and cause host-mediated pathology. In the case of Babesia species, a combination of different mechanisms is involved: red blood cell lysis due to intracellular parasite multiplication, activation of biogenic amines and the coagulation system with the possibility of disseminated intravascular coagulation. By contrast, less information is available on the different immunopathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of anaemia in sheep with theileriosis. However, the mechanisms of pathogenic action in theileriosis are similar to those studied in babesiosis. Diagnosis is based on compatible clinical signs, laboratory findings, specific diagnostic tests and the presence of the tick vector. Some of these tests detect the causative agent itself, such as direct identification by light microscopy and molecular analysis. In contrast, other tests detect the sheep’s immune response to the organism by serology. Both diseases pose a significant diagnostic challenge for veterinary practitioners around the world. This review presents the most frequent clinical signs, pathogenesis and clinicopathological findings, diagnosis.

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Molecular identification of Theileria species in naturally infected sheep using nested PCR–RFLP

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Small Ruminant Piroplasmosis: High Prevalence of Babesia aktasi n. sp. in Goats in Türkiye

Small Ruminant Piroplasmosis: High Prevalence of Babesia aktasi n. sp. in Goats in Türkiye

Seasonality, epidemiology and phylogeny of Theileria ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic infected goats from Pakistan

Anaemia in Sheep Caused by Babesia and Theileria Haemoparasites

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