Molecular Identification of Endophytic Fungi and Their Pathogenicity Evaluation Against Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium officinale

Abstract

Dendrobium are tropical orchid plants that host diverse endophytic fungi. The role of these fungi is not currently well understood in Dendrobium plants. We morphologically and molecularly identified these fungal endophytes, and created an efficient system for evaluating the pathogenicity and symptoms of endophytic fungi on Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium officinale though in vitro co-culturing. ReThe colony morphological traits of Dendrobium myco-endophytes (DMEs) were recorded for their identification. Molecular identification revealed the presence of Colletotrichum tropicicola, Fusarium keratoplasticum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and Trichoderma longibrachiatum. The pathogenicity results revealed that T. longibrachiatum produced the least pathogenic effects against D. nobile protocorms. In seedlings, T. longibrachiatum showed the least pathogenic effects against D. officinale seedlings after seven days. C. tropicicola produced highly pathogenic effects against both Dendrobium seedlings. The results of histological examination of infected tissues revealed that F. keratoplasticum and T. longibrachiatum fulfill Koch’s postulates for the existence of endophytes inside the living tissues. The DMEs are cross-transmitted inside the host plant cells, playing an important role in plant host development, resistance, and alkaloids stimulation.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Metagenomics for taxonomy profiling: tools and approaches

“…The development of sophisticated molecular approaches in conjunction with computational regulations has resulted in a decline in the sequencing of aggregate genome DNA and several opportunities related to marine microbial exploration ( Figure 5). As a result, an entire era of metagenomic sequencing has contributed to more in-depth considerations of representing a wider range of species from varying tests [63][64][65][66]. Li et al [67] showed that metagenomicsbased population analyses can provide both community and valuable information without an upgrade slant.…”

“…There are outstanding distinctions between 16S rRNA screens and WMGS (whole metagenomic sequencing) strategies for organized and functional population profiling. For example, WMGS provides a thorough sample assessment by sequencing a large majority of random, small fragments in a shotgun approach individually, resulting in more sequencing coverage [63]. The quality ordered classification is rendered utilizing BLASTP look against the NCBI-NR database beneath a scale of e-value <10 −5 for metagenome analysis.…”

New Insights into Detection of a Dendrobine Compound From a Novel Endophytic Trichoderma longibrachiatum Strain and Its Toxicity Against Phytopathogenic Bacteria

“…Moreover, dendrobine exhibited strong antibacterial activity against the bacterial strains tested. D. nobile, a medicinal plant, may harbor a complex group of endophytic fungi, and previous studies revealed that over 1 million fungi were associated with medicinal plants (Manganyi et al, 2018;Sarsaiya et al, 2020). When these endophytes exist in the internal tissues of medicinal plants, they can form and secrete secondary metabolites that may be of great value, especially in pharmaceutical and agricultural applications (Ghorbanpour et al, 2018).…”

“…The endophytic fungi were isolated from the stem segments of single wild D. nobile, which was collected from the native agricultural farm area of Jinshishi, Chishui, China, and processed in the Bioresource Institute for Health Utilization, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China. The processing of samples was performed according to the previous process of Sarsaiya et al (2019a) and Sarsaiya et al (2020). The stem samples of wild D. nobile were considered for processing and isolation.…”

“…The orchid family, Orchidaceae, represents earlier branches of the evolutionary tree and is possibly 120 million years old. It is one of the earlier families of angiosperms in which majority of plants are composed of highly evolved flowering plants, with approximately 25,000 to 35,000 species belonging to 750 to 900 genera (Lam et al, 2015;Sarsaiya et al, 2019bSarsaiya et al, , 2020.…”