Molecular Hydrogen Promotes Adipose-derived Stem Cell Myogenic Differentiation via Regulation of Mitochondria

Abstract

Background: Acute skeletal muscle injuries are common physical or sports traumas. Cellular therapy has excellent potential for regeneration after skeletal muscle injury. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are a more accessible type of stem cell. However, it has a low survival rate and differentiation efficiency in the oxidative stress-rich microenvironment after transplantation. Although molecular hydrogen (H2) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biological properties, its utility in mitochondrial and stem cell research has not been adequately explored. Objective: Revealing the role of H2 on Adipose-derived stem cells myogenic differentiation. Methods: The protective effects of H2 in ADSCs were evaluated by MTT assay, live-dead cell staining, western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining, confocal imaging, and transmission electron microscopy. Results: An appropriate volume fraction of H2 significantly decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, increased the number of mitochondria, and promoted mitophagy, thus enhancing the survival and myogenic differentiation of ADSCs. Conclusion: This study reveals the application potential of H2 in skeletal muscle diseases or other pathologies related to mitochondrial dysfunction.

Enhancing mesenchymal stem cell survival and homing capability to improve cell engraftment efficacy for liver diseases

“…Accumulating evidence suggests that oxidative stress characterized by the excess generation of reactive oxygen species is a key factor in the low cell survival rate of transplanted MSCs [ 62 ]. Antioxidant drugs have been used to overcome oxidative stress and enhance MSC survival in vitro (Table 3 ).…”

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Priming: Potential Benefits of Administration of Molecular Hydrogen

“…Another recent 2023 study demonstrated that molecular hydrogen plays a crucial role in promoting myogenic differentiation in adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for potential therapeutic applications in skeletal muscle injuries [ 32 ]. The study investigated the protective effects of H 2 on ADSCs using various assays, including the MTT assay, live–dead cell staining, Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence staining, confocal imaging, and transmission electron microscopy.…”

“…The results indicated that an appropriate volume fraction of H 2 significantly reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels, increased the number of mitochondria, and induced mitophagy. These effects collectively enhanced the survival and myogenic differentiation of ADSCs [ 32 ]. These findings suggest the promising application of H 2 in addressing skeletal muscle diseases and pathologies associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.…”

Mitochondria as a key target of molecular hydrogen

“…Оба указанных противоречия можно объяснить, если предположить, что H 2 функционирует не только как поглотитель радикалов, но и как фактор, вызы вающий митохондриальный гормезис (адаптивную реакцию), и тем самым противодействующий ОС в клетках [30]. Показано, что H 2 стимулировал мито фагию [31] -процесс утилизации поврежденных мито хондрий со сниженным потенциалом. В таком случае повышение мембранного потенциала митохонд рий будет наблюдаться только через какоето время по сле воздействия водорода, когда популяция митохон дрий успеет обновиться.…”