Molecular genetics and pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens.

Rood, Julian I.; Cole, Stewart T.

doi:10.1128/mmbr.55.4.621-648.1991

Cited by 275 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 156 publications

(355 reference statements)

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“…Clostridium perfringens is an anaerobic, spore-forming, gram-positive bacillus that has been associated with outbreaks of acute, often severe diarrhea in human beings, dogs, horses, and cats. 2,[10][11][12][13] Clostridium perfringens isolates are classified as 1 of 5 toxigenic types (A-E) based on the production of 1 or more of 4 major toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota), although each bacterium also may express a subset of at least 10 other established toxins. 14 Expression of C perfringens enterotoxin (CPE), a well-characterized virulence factor, is coregulated with sporulation.…”

Section: T He Clinical Documentation Of Clostridium Perfringensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile in Diarrheic and Healthy Dogs

et al. 2002

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The objectives of this study were to examine the potential roles of Clostridium difficile and enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens in diarrhea in dogs by comparison of isolation, determination of toxin status via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and application of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These techniques were used to evaluate fecal specimens in 132 healthy and diarrheic dogs. These dogs were prospectively evaluated by grouping them into the following 3 categories: hospitalized dogs with diarrhea (n = 32), hospitalized dogs without diarrhea (n = 42), and apparently healthy outpatient dogs without diarrhea (n = 58). All fecal specimens were cultured using selective media for C difficile, Salmonella spp., and Campylobacter spp. and selective media after heat shock for C perfringens. No significant difference was found in the isolation of C perfringens or C difficile among the 3 groups. A significant association was found between the presence of diarrhea and detection of C perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) or toxin A via ELISA for both C perfringens and C difficile, respectively. PCR performed on C difficile isolates for toxin A and toxin B genes revealed no significant differences among the 3 groups, but diarrheic dogs were significantly more likely to be positive for the enterotoxin gene of C perfringens. Based on the results of this study, the use of ELISA for detection of CPE in feces combined with the detection of enterotoxigenic fecal isolates obtained via heat shock provides the strongest evidence for the presence of C perfringens-associated diarrhea.

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Section: T He Clinical Documentation Of Clostridium Perfringensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile in Diarrheic and Healthy Dogs

et al. 2002

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“…Clostridium perfringens is an important cause of enteric disease in domestic animals [1][2][3][4][5]. Its virulence is based largely upon toxinogenesis [6,7], and production of four so-called major toxins is the basis for division of the species into types [6,[8][9][10][11] (Table 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clostridium perfringens type E enteritis in calves: two cases and a brief review of the literature

Songer

Miskimmins

2004

Anaerobe

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Toxigenic types of Clostridium perfringens are important causes of enteric disease in domestic animals, although type E is putatively rare, appearing as an uncommon cause of enterotoxemia of lambs, calves, and rabbits. We report here two geographically distinct cases of type E enterotoxemia in calves, and diagnostic findings which suggest that type E may play a significant role in enteritis of neonatal calves. The cases had many similarities, including a history of diarrhea and sudden death, abomasitis, and hemorrhagic enteritis. In both cases, anaerobic cultures of abomasum yielded heavy growth of C. perfringens genotype E. Four percent of > 1000 strains of C. perfringens from cases of enteritis in domestic animals were type E, and all (n=45) were from neonatal calves with hemorrhagic enteritis. Furthermore, type E isolates represented nearly 50% of all isolates submitted from similar clinical cases in calves. Commercial toxoids available in North America have no label claims for efficacy against type E infections. Consideration should be given to type E-associated enteritis when planning for the health care of calves.

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“…The slight discrepancies among these data may arise either from a poor protection of the longer transcripts against mung bean nuclease digestion, or from artifacts of the primer extension reactions. In order to resolve these uncertainties we have scrutinized the potential promoter sequences for their consistency with consensus promoter sequences of Gram-positive bacteria [9,10]. The comparisons ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcript mapping of the rubredoxin gene from Clostridium pasteurianum

Mathieu¹

1993

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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The transcripts of the rubredoxin gene from C. pasteurianum have been shown to have a size of approx. 230 bases by Northern blotting techniques. The transcription start has been located within 41 bases upstream of the initiator codon. The data demonstrate that the rubredoxin gene is monocistronic. Two of the three open reading frames occurring upstream of the rubredoxin gene are adjacent and appear to encode a thioredoxin (or glutaredoxin) reductase and a thioredoxin (or glutaredoxin).

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Molecular genetics and pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens.

Cited by 275 publications

References 156 publications

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile in Diarrheic and Healthy Dogs

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium difficile in Diarrheic and Healthy Dogs

Clostridium perfringens type E enteritis in calves: two cases and a brief review of the literature

Transcript mapping of the rubredoxin gene from Clostridium pasteurianum

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