Molecular Genetic Testing and Karyotyping in the Horse

Penedo, M. C. T.; Raudsepp, Terje

doi:10.1002/9781118522158.ch15

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…During the peak of equine clinical cytogenetics in the 1970s–1990s, many abnormal karyotypes were published and in the following years, and the findings have been well-reviewed in books [ 1 , 2 ], book chapters [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ], and multiple review papers, some specifically focusing on equine cytogenetics [ 8 , 9 , 10 ], others on cytogenetics of domestic animals, including the horse [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Since the last comprehensive and horse-focused reviews about a decade ago [ 4 , 5 ], equine clinical cytogenetics has advanced qualitatively, mainly thanks to the progress in equine genomics and the availability of new powerful genomic tools (reviewed by [ 15 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horse Clinical Cytogenetics: Recurrent Themes and Novel Findings

Bugno‐Poniewierska

Raudsepp

2021

Animals

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Clinical cytogenetic studies in horses have been ongoing for over half a century and clearly demonstrate that chromosomal disorders are among the most common non-infectious causes of decreased fertility, infertility, and congenital defects. Large-scale cytogenetic surveys show that almost 30% of horses with reproductive or developmental problems have chromosome aberrations, whereas abnormal karyotypes are found in only 2–5% of the general population. Among the many chromosome abnormalities reported in the horse, most are unique or rare. However, all surveys agree that there are two recurrent conditions: X-monosomy and SRY-negative XY male-to-female sex reversal, making up approximately 35% and 11% of all chromosome abnormalities, respectively. The two are signature conditions for the horse and rare or absent in other domestic species. The progress in equine genomics and the development of molecular tools, have qualitatively improved clinical cytogenetics today, allowing for refined characterization of aberrations and understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms. While cutting-edge genomics tools promise further improvements in chromosome analysis, they will not entirely replace traditional cytogenetics, which still is the most straightforward, cost-effective, and fastest approach for the initial evaluation of potential breeding animals and horses with reproductive or developmental disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horse Clinical Cytogenetics: Recurrent Themes and Novel Findings

Bugno‐Poniewierska

Raudsepp

2021

Animals

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“…While STR markers have been developed on thousands of nonhuman species for research, there are likely only dozens of taxa for which these markers have been validated and analyzed for forensic purposes . A few domesticated taxa have had core loci proposed ; among those, only horses ( Equus caballus ), cows ( Bos taurus ), and dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris ) have commercial kits available (StockMarks™ Canine, Bovine, and Equine Kits; Canine ISAG STR Parentage Kit; Canine Genotypes Panel 1.1 and 2.1; and Bovine Genotypes Panel 1.2 Kits; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA). None of these kits provide allelic ladders, relying instead on interlaboratory sample sharing or International Society for Animal Genetics comparison testing when allele calls need to be compared between laboratories .…”

Section: Str Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humans Are Animals, Too: Critical Commonalities and Differences Between Human and Wildlife Forensic Genetics

Moore

Frazier

2019

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Wildlife forensics has recently been recognized among the wide variety of forensic science disciplines. This review compares human and wildlife DNA forensics, which use the same genetic tools, but often for far different purposes. Human forensic genetics almost invariably attempts to identify individual perpetrators involved in a given crime. Wildlife forensics often determines whether a crime has occurred. In addition to techniques familiar in human laboratories, like individual matching with STRs, wildlife analysts may be asked to determine the taxonomic identity, geographic source, or sex of evidence items, or the familial relationships or minimum number of individuals among a group of samples. This review highlights the common questions, legal framework, databases, and similar validation requirements to foster understanding between disciplines. Based on this understanding, human and wildlife DNA practitioners may work together and learn from each other in order to elevate the discipline of forensic genetics.

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Molecular Genetic Testing and Karyotyping in the Horse

Cited by 2 publications

References 67 publications

Horse Clinical Cytogenetics: Recurrent Themes and Novel Findings

Horse Clinical Cytogenetics: Recurrent Themes and Novel Findings

Humans Are Animals, Too: Critical Commonalities and Differences Between Human and Wildlife Forensic Genetics

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