Molecular genetic analysis of leucine tRNA in relevance to type 2 diabetes mellitus

Khan, Niaz Muhammad; Ullah, Hayat; Raziq, Abdur; Khan, Adnan; Khan, Muhammad Waseem

doi:10.5603/dk.2020.0018

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Association Between Transfer Rna Mutations and Type 2 Diabet...1

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2023

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“…This mutation is the most common pathogenic mutation in mitochondrial DNA, with a prevalence ranging from 0.95 to 16.3 per 100,000 individuals [ 105 , 106 ]. This mutation follows the mechanism previously mentioned, interfering with the function of tRNA to properly assemble proteins; therefore, there is insufficient ATP to open K + channels, so cells cannot secrete insulin in response to hyperglycemia which leads to T2DM [ 107 ].…”

Section: Association Between Transfer Rna Mutations and Type 2 Diabet...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transfer RNA Mutation Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Rahmadanthi,

Maksum

2023

Biology

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Transfer RNA (tRNA) genes in the mitochondrial DNA genome play an important role in protein synthesis. The 22 tRNA genes carry the amino acid that corresponds to that codon but changes in the genetic code often occur such as gene mutations that impact the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Insulin secretion does not occur because the mitochondria cannot work optimally. tRNA mutation may also be caused by insulin resistance. In addition, the loss of tRNA modification can cause pancreatic β cell dysfunction. Therefore, both can be indirectly associated with diabetes mellitus because diabetes mellitus, especially type 2, is caused by insulin resistance and the body cannot produce insulin. In this review, we will discuss tRNA in detail, several diseases related to tRNA mutations, how tRNA mutations can lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus, and one example of a point mutation that occurs in tRNA.

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Section: Association Between Transfer Rna Mutations and Type 2 Diabet...mentioning

confidence: 99%