Molecular Evidence of Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Trichostrongylus axei Infections in Humans from Thailand and Lao PDR

Phosuk, Issarapong; Intapan, Pewpan M.; Sanpool, Oranuch; Janwan, Penchom; Thanchomnang, Tongjit; Sawanyawisuth, Kittisak; Morakote, Nimit; Maleewong, Wanchai

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0113

Cited by 39 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…In the recent study, the authors reported the occurrence of natural human infection by T. longispicularis for the first time in the world [6]. Also, T. colubriformis was predominant among Trichostrongylus species infecting humans in Thailand [38], France [39] and Laos [4,8]. This may be due to high prevalence of this species in herbivorous animals and also its high zoonotic potential [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic transmission of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus species in Guilan province, northern Iran: molecular and morphological characterizations

et al. 2020

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Background: Parasitic trichostrongyloid nematodes have a worldwide distribution in ruminants and frequently have been reported from humans in Middle and Far East, particularly in rural communities with poor personal hygiene and close cohabitation with herbivorous animals. Different species of the genus Trichostrongylus are the most common trichostrongyloids in humans in endemic areas. Also, Ostertagia species are gastrointestinal nematodes that mainly infect cattle, sheep and goats and in rare occasion humans. The aim of the present study was to identify the trichostrongyloid nematodes obtained from a familial infection in Guilan province, northern Iran, using morphological and molecular criteria. Methods: After anthelmintic treatment, all fecal materials of the patients were collected up to 48 h and male adult worms were isolated. Morphological identification of the adult worms was performed using valid nematode keys. Genomic DNA was extracted from one male worm of each species. PCR amplification of ITS2-rDNA region was carried out, and products were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence data was performed using MEGA 6.0 software. Results: Adult worms expelled from the patients were identified as T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus and Teladorsagia circumcincta based on morphological characteristics of the males. Phylogenetic analysis illustrated that each species obtained in current study was placed together with reference sequences submitted to GenBank database. Conclusions: The finding of current study confirms the zoonotic aspect of Trichostrongylus species and T. circumcincta in inhabitants of Guilan province. The occurrence of natural human infection by T. circumcincta is reported for the first time in Iran and the second time in the world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zoonotic transmission of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus species in Guilan province, northern Iran: molecular and morphological characterizations

et al. 2020

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“…Microscopybased techniques may also produce false-positive results if strongyle eggs representing non-hookworm genera, for example Oesophagostomum spp. and Trichostrongylus spp., 25,26 or fecal material are mistakenly counted as hookworm eggs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction for Diagnosis of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections: A Comparison with a Flotation-Based Technique and an Investigation of Variability in DNA Detection

Clarke

Llewellyn

Traub

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Appropriate diagnostic techniques are crucial to global soil-transmitted helminth (STH) control efforts. The recommended Kato-Katz method has low sensitivity in low-transmission settings. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is a highly sensitive alternative diagnostic option. However, little is known about the variability in qPCR results, and there are few published comparisons between qPCR and other microscopy-based techniques such as sodium nitrate flotation (SNF). Using 865 stool samples collected from 571 individuals, we compared SNF and qPCR in terms of diagnostic sensitivity and infection intensity measurements. In addition, we conducted repeated examinations on a single -positive stool sample over a 6-month period. Results showed good diagnostic agreement between SNF and qPCR for spp. (κ = 0.69, < 0.001), and moderate agreement for hookworm (κ = 0.55, < 0.001) and spp. (κ = 0.50, < 0.001). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated higher sensitivity than SNF for spp. (94.1% versus 68.1%) and hookworm (75.7% versus 66.9%) but not for spp. (53.1% versus 81.3%), which had very low prevalence. Sodium nitrate flotation and qPCR infection intensity measurements were strongly correlated for spp. (ρ = 0.82, < 0.001) and moderately correlated for hookworm (ρ = 0.58, < 0.001). Repeated examinations using qPCR showed that cycle threshold values decreased significantly at 1 month and remained stable thereafter. Results confirm the high diagnostic sensitivity of qPCR for spp. and hookworm, particularly for light-intensity infections, which is ideal for settings approaching transmission elimination. Results support the potential for qPCR to be used as a quantitative assay for STH. Further research is needed in settings where is endemic.

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“…A single individual harbored trichostrongylids, and human trichostrongylosis has recently been reported in Laotians that were found to be infected by Trichostrongylus colubriformis , identified and confirmed by molecular techniques [ 17 , 18 ]. This helminthiasis is contracted by a close contact with farm animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, apart from those parasites above, some other rare zoonotic helminthiases were also reported in Lao PDR, e.g., capillariasis ( Capillaria philippinensis ) from fresh water fish [ 14 ], echinostomiasis ( Echinochasmus japonicus ) from fresh water fish and aquatic animals [ 15 ], paragonimiasis ( Paragonimus spp.) from freshwater crab or prawn [ 16 ], trichinellosis ( Trichinella spiralis ) from pigs [ 5 ], and trichostrongyliasis ( Trichostrongylus colubriformis ) from the livestock [ 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Environmental Water Contamination in a Rural Village of Northern Lao PDR

et al. 2017

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Background: Persistent digestive disorders account for considerable disease burden in the tropics. Despite advances in understanding acute gastrointestinal infections, important issues concerning epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and control of most persistent digestive symptomatologies remain to be elucidated. Helminths and intestinal protozoa are considered to play major roles, but the full extent of the aetiologic spectrum is still unclear. We provide an overview of pathogens causing digestive disorders in the tropics and evaluate available reference tests. Methods: We searched the literature to identify pathogens that might give rise to persistent diarrhoea, chronic abdominal pain and/or blood in the stool. We reviewed existing laboratory diagnostic methods for each pathogen and stratified them by (i) microscopy; (ii) culture techniques; (iii) immunological tests; and (iv) molecular methods. Pathogen-specific reference tests providing highest diagnostic accuracy are described in greater detail.

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Molecular Evidence of Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Trichostrongylus axei Infections in Humans from Thailand and Lao PDR

Cited by 39 publications

References 12 publications

Zoonotic transmission of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus species in Guilan province, northern Iran: molecular and morphological characterizations

Zoonotic transmission of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus species in Guilan province, northern Iran: molecular and morphological characterizations

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction for Diagnosis of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections: A Comparison with a Flotation-Based Technique and an Investigation of Variability in DNA Detection

Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Environmental Water Contamination in a Rural Village of Northern Lao PDR

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