Molecular evidence for hybrid origin ofQuercus crenataLam. (Fagaceae) fromQ. cerrisL. andQ. suberL.

Conte, Lucia; Cotti, Claudia; Cristofolini, Giovanni

doi:10.1080/11263500701401463

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The differences in these numbers are partly explained by the definition of interspecific hybrids as separate species and the sub-division of ecological forms into species (Kleinschmit 1993). Frequent hybridization has produced large population of hybrids and high levels of introgression have led to different species in populations sharing up to 50% of their genetic information (Conte et al 2007;Gömöry and Schmidtova 2007). The genus is subdivided into two subgenera: Quercus and Cyclobalanopsis and the former is further divided into four sections: Protobalanus, Cerris, Quercus (white oaks), and Rubrae (red oaks) (Ducousso and Bordacs 2004).…”

Section: The Genus Quercusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Application of biotechnological tools to Quercus improvement

et al. 2011

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The genus Quercus, which belongs to the family Fagaceae, is native to the northern hemisphere and includes deciduous and evergreen species. The trees of the different species are very important from both economic and ecological perspectives. Application of new technological approaches (which span the fields of plant developmental biology, genetic transformation, conservation of elite germplasm and discovery of genes associated with complex multigenic traits) to these long-rotation hardwoods may be of interest for accelerating tree improvement programs. This review provides a summary of the advances made in the application of biotechnological tools to specific oak species. Significant progress has been made in the area of clonal propagation via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis (SE). Standardized procedures have been developed for micropropagating the most important European (Q. robur, Q. petarea, Q. suber) and American (Q. alba, Q. bicolor, Q. rubra) oaks by axillary shoot growth. Although regenerated plantlets are grown in experimental trials, large-scale propagation of oak species has not been carried out. The induction of SE in oaks from juvenile explants is generally not problematic, although the use of explants other than zygotic embryos is much less efficient. During the last decade, enormous advances have been made in inducing SE from selected adult trees, mainly specimens of pedunculate oak (Q. robur) and cork oak (Q. suber). Advances in the understanding of the maturation and germination steps are required for better use of embryogenic process in clonal forestry. Quercus species are late-maturing and late-flowering, exhibit irregular seed set, and produce seeds that are recalcitrant to storage by conventional procedures. Vitrification-based cryopreservation techniques were used successfully in somatic embryos of pedunculate oak and cork oak, and an applied genbank of cork oak selected genotypes is now under development. The feasibility of genetic transformation of pedunculate oak and cork oak somatic embryos by means of co-culture techniques with several strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens has also been demonstrated. To date, most research on the genomics of Quercus species has concerned population genetics. Approaches using functional genomics to examine the molecular and cellular mechanisms that control organogenesis and or somatic embryogenesis are still scarce, and efforts on the isolation and characterization of genes related to other specific traits should be intensified in the near future, as this would help improve the practical application of clonal forestry in recalcitrant species such as oaks.

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Section: The Genus Quercusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Application of biotechnological tools to Quercus improvement

et al. 2011

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“…Q. cerris is such a complex group and is one of the species in Section Cerris of Turkish Flora with infraspecific taxa. In addition, Q. cerris has a potential to hybridize with other taxa (Kasaplıgil 1992;Schwartz 1993;Conte et al 2007;Bellarosa et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric analyses of the leaf variation within Quercus L. Sect. Cerris Loudon in Turkey

Uslu¹,

Bakis²

2013

Dendrobiology

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Oaks are classified heavily based on the leaf morphology. However, identification of specimens without acorns is usually controversial in Cerris section. Although members of Cerris section have a broad distribution area, there are only few taxonomic studies. Therefore, the current study is the first to show the discrimination of species in Cerris section based on leaf characters from Turkey. Discrimination among the members of Cerris section over Turkey (Q. cerris L. var. cerris, Q. ithaburensis Decne. subsp. macrolepis (Kotschy) Hedge and Yalt, Q. brantii Lindley, Q. libani Olivier, and Q. trojana P. B. subsp. trojana.) was aimed and variations within and among the species based on 15 qualitative leaf characters was presented. In this work we have studied the natural variability of these species by analysing leaf materials collected from 44 populations around Turkey. Cluster Analysis (CA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were performed to assess intra-specific differentiation and to compare the distribution of variance in the individual and population level. The results showed that the leaf characters presented a good discrimination of five Cerris taxa in PCA at the population level, but the relationships between Q. ithaburensis subsp. macrolepis and Q. brantii showed complex groups in CA. Among the studied taxa, the highest variation was found within Q. cerris populations. In this work, we obtained discrimination of Cerris section species from Turkey based on leaf characters which is quite useful for those herbarium specimens without acorns and in other systematic observations. Additional key words: cluster analysis, numerical taxonomy, oak, principal component analysis Address:

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“…These markers were also used to analyse the genetic structure in oaks (Cottrell et al 2003;Aldrich et al 2005) and to identify and characterise oak hybrids (Craft et al 2002;Ishida et al 2003;Muir & Schlötterer 2005. The molecular evidence for the hybrid origin of two Quercus species was recently reported by Conte et al (2007) using both ISSR and Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plastid and/or nuclear ribosomal DNA (Manos et al 1999;Muir et al 2001;Bellarosa et al 2005), including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data (Rubio de Casas et al 2007) as well as ISSRs (Conte et al 2007;Chokchaichamnankit et al 2008) have been used to define phylogenetic relationships among oaks. Microsatellite markers or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), and Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) are useful for molecular differentiation and characterisation and for diversity analysis in oak species (Steinkellner et al 1997;Bruschi et al 2000;Dodd & Kashani 2003;Coelho et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary genetic approach based on both cytogenetic and molecular characterisations of nine oak species

Carvalho

Paula

Guedes-Pinto

et al. 2009

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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The Quercus genus includes several species and presents a huge genetic variability. In the last decades, studies regarding genetic diversity and molecular characterisation in Quercus emerged. In this work, we intend to characterise nine Quercus species at cytogenetic and molecular levels. Cytogenetically, we aim to evaluate the ribosomal RNA genes expression, and to determine the physical mapping of the rDNA loci using both salt-nylon silver staining and double-target fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) techniques. Molecularly, our goals were to characterise and determine the genetic variability using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs). All individuals were euploid (2 n = 2x =24), and presented a maximum number of four Ag-NORs and four nucleoli per mitotic cell. FISH confirmed the Ag-NORs localisation, and evidenced that all 45S rDNA loci are being actively expressed. Two additional 5S rDNA loci were also detected. Cytogenetic analyses did not allow us to distinguish the oak species. Inversely, ISSR data revealed that the oak species under study presented genetic variability, and showed unique bands which could be putative species-diagnostic markers. The UPGMA phenogram reflected the reliability of the ISSR markers since most individuals belonging to the same species were clustered together.

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Molecular evidence for hybrid origin ofQuercus crenataLam. (Fagaceae) fromQ. cerrisL. andQ. suberL.

Cited by 27 publications

References 49 publications

Application of biotechnological tools to Quercus improvement

Application of biotechnological tools to Quercus improvement

Morphometric analyses of the leaf variation within Quercus L. Sect. Cerris Loudon in Turkey

Preliminary genetic approach based on both cytogenetic and molecular characterisations of nine oak species

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