Molecular epidemiology of <i>Trichophyton quinckeanum</i> – a zoophilic dermatophyte on the rise

Uhrlaß, Silke; Schroedl, Wieland; Mehlhorn, C; Krüger, Constanze; Hubka, Vít; Maier, Τ.; Gräser, Yvonne; Paasch, Uwe; Nenoff, P.

doi:10.1111/ddg.13408

Cited by 23 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Sanger sequencing was performed to definitely identify fungal cultures. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA (mainly ITS1, 5.8S rRNA, ITS2) and the TEF‐1 α gene were used as identification marker . The ITS region of the rDNA was amplified using the following primers:…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The current Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis due toTrichophyton mentagrophytes—A molecular study

Nenoff¹,

Verma²,

Vasani³

et al. 2019

Mycoses

Self Cite

184

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary The disease burden of chronic‐relapsing and therapy‐refractory superficial dermatophytosis dramatically increased in India within the past 5‐6 years. In order to evaluate the prevalence of this trend, 201 skin scrapings were collected from patients from all parts of India and were tested for dermatophytes using both fungal culture and a PCR‐ELISA directly performed with native skin scrapings. Fungal culture material was identified by genomic Sanger sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the translation elongation factor (TEF)‐1α gene. In total, 149 (74.13%) out of the 201 samples showed a dermatophyte‐positive culture result. Out of this, 138 (92.62%) samples were identified as Trichophyton (T.) mentagrophytes and 11 (7.38%) as Trichophyton rubrum. The PCR‐ELISA revealed similar results: 162 out of 201 (80.56%) samples were dermatophyte‐positive showing 151 (93.21%) T mentagrophytes‐ and 11 (6.79%) T rubrum‐positive samples. In this study, we show for the first time a dramatic Indian‐wide switch from T rubrum to T mentagrophytes. Additionally, sequencing revealed a solely occurring T mentagrophytes “Indian ITS genotype” that might be disseminated Indian‐wide due to the widespread abuse of topical clobetasol and other steroid molecules mixed with antifungal and antibacterial agents.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The current Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis due toTrichophyton mentagrophytes—A molecular study

Nenoff¹,

Verma²,

Vasani³

et al. 2019

Mycoses

Self Cite

184

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…mentagrophytes . Notably, De Hoog's work on the new taxonomy of dermatophytes now refers to CBS 318.56 strain as T. quinckeanum …”

Section: The Currently Described Its‐based Genotypes or Clusters Of Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

A clarion call for preventing taxonomical errors of dermatophytes using the example of the novelTrichophyton mentagrophytesgenotype VIII uniformly isolated in the Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis

Nenoff¹,

Verma²,

Uhrlaß³

et al. 2018

Mycoses

Self Cite

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An alarming pan Indian increase in the incidence of superficial dermatophytosis has been noticed over the past 5-6 years. Recent studies have demonstrated emerging predominance of Trichophyton (T.) mentagrophytes as the causative organism in such cases. Interestingly, a distinct Indian genotype of T. mentagrophytes has been identified and recognised with the help of sequencing of the ITS region of the rDNA. That has, however, led to a basic confusion owing to the newly introduced taxonomy of dermatophytes in 2017. According to this most recently suggested classification and new taxonomy of dermatophytes, the former "T. mentagrophytes complex" is differentiated into T. mentagrophytes (zoophilic strains) and T. interdigitale (anthropophilic strains). We have noticed that in some recent studies the causative agent of the chronic, relapsing dermatophytosis outbreak in India has been described as T. interdigitale. In our opinion, it is very likely that these T. interdigitale strains isolated in Delhi and Chennai in India are indeed strains more closely related to the neotype of T. mentagrophytes and not strains of T. interdigitale. We therefore want to underscore the importance of a common nomenclature of species in accordance with the new taxonomy of dermatophytes. This would most likely facilitate better understanding of the issue amongst dermatologists and microbiologists in general. Mistaken identification of Trichophyton isolates not limited to India is very likely to occur due to the lack of appropriate molecular diagnosis which in turn is based on the already published data that presumably wrongly identify one species instead of the other.

show abstract

“…T. mentagrophytes forms a subclade with T. quinckeanum in both trees; the latter was only recently separated from the T. mentagrophytes- complex and classified as an independent species rather than a variant ( Uhrlaß et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Zoophilic Dermatophytes Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Baumbach

Müller

Reuschel

et al. 2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dermatophytoses represent a major health burden in animals and man. Zoophilic dermatophytes usually show a high specificity to their original animal host but a zoonotic transmission is increasingly recorded. In humans, these infections elicit highly inflammatory skin lesions requiring prolonged therapy even in the immunocompetent patient. The correct identification of the causative agent is often crucial to initiate a targeted and effective therapy. To that end, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) represents a promising tool. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of species identification of zoophilic dermatophytes using MALDI-TOF MS. The investigation of isolates from veterinary clinical samples suspicious of dermatophytoses suggests a good MALDI-TOF MS based identification of the most common zoophilic dermatophyte Microsporum canis. Trichophyton (T.) spp. usually achieved scores only around the cutoff value for secure species identification because of a small number of reference spectra. Moreover, these results need to be interpreted with caution due to the close taxonomic relationship of dermatophytes being reflected in very similar spectra. In our study, the analysis of 50 clinical samples of hedgehogs revealed no correct identification using the provided databases, nor for zoophilic neither for geophilic causative agents. After DNA sequencing, adaptation of sample processing and an individual extension of the in-house database, acceptable identification scores were achieved (T. erinacei and Arthroderma spp., respectively). A score-oriented distance dendrogram revealed clustering of geophilic isolates of four different species of the genus Arthroderma and underlined the close relationship of the important zoophilic agents T. erinacei, T. verrucosum and T. benhamiae by forming a subclade within a larger cluster including different dermatophytes. Taken together, MALDI-TOF MS proofed suitable for the identification of zoophilic dermatophytes provided fresh cultures are used and the reference library was previously extended with spectra of laboratory-relevant species. Performing independent molecular methods, such as sequencing, is strongly recommended to substantiate the findings from morphologic and MALDI-TOF MS analyses, especially for uncommon causative agents.

show abstract

Molecular epidemiology of Trichophyton quinckeanum – a zoophilic dermatophyte on the rise

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

The current Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis due toTrichophyton mentagrophytes—A molecular study

The current Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis due toTrichophyton mentagrophytes—A molecular study

A clarion call for preventing taxonomical errors of dermatophytes using the example of the novelTrichophyton mentagrophytesgenotype VIII uniformly isolated in the Indian epidemic of superficial dermatophytosis

Identification of Zoophilic Dermatophytes Using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About