Molecular epidemiology of human papillomavirus in pregnant women in Burkina Faso

Abstract

Introduction Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is widespread among sexually active individuals. Several factors may contribute to increased risk of infection in pregnant women. The objective of this study was to determine the high-risk (HR-HPV) and low-risk (LR-HPV) oncogenic HPV genotypes among pregnant women in Ouagadougou. Methodology In this study, 100 endocervical samples were collected using a sterile swab on the sterile examination glove used during vaginal examination in pregnant women. DNA from each sample was amplified by PCR followed by hybridization using the HPV Direct Flow Chips kit detecting 36 HPV genotypes. Results Twenty-three percent (23%) of pregnant women had HPV infection. Of the 36 genotypes tested, 29 genotypes had been identified with a predominance of HPV 52 (10.34%), HPV 35 (6.89%), and HPV 82 (6.89%) for high risk and HPV 43 (10.34%), HPV 44/55 (6.90%), and HPV 62/81 (6.89%) for low risk. Conclusion HPV is common among pregnant women in Burkina Faso. However, the available vaccines do not cover the frequent genotypes found in this study. HPV could therefore constitute a threat for pregnant women and a risk of infection for the newborn.

HPV/HBV or HPV/HCV Co-Infections in Women Treated for Chronic Hepatitis at Hôpital Saint Camille in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

“…This could be explained by the much larger sample size (1321) and could mean that viral hepatitis B and C do not play a role in the occurrence or persistence of HPV infection. The prevalence found in our study was higher than that found among pregnant women (23%) in Burkina Faso with the same sample size as ours [18]. The Brazilian study found 20/103 HPV-positive individuals, with the 2 hepatitis B/C coinfected individuals being HPV-and HIV-positive [28].…”

“…HPV 11 was found in only one patient. In pregnant women, [18] found HPV 6, 62/81 and 44/55 with respective percentages of 3.45%, 6.89% but HPV 11was not found. We found 53.57% multiple infections in this study.…”

“…Endocervical samples were tested for HPV genotypes by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)/hybridization using the HPV Direct Flow Chip kit (Vitro Master Diagnóstica). This method, based on PCR followed by hybridization, identi-fied 36 HPV genotypes, including 18 high-risk genotypes (HR-HPV) such as HPV 16,18,26,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,53,56,58,59, 66, 68, 73 and 82, and 18 low-risk genotypes (LR-HPV), namely HPV 6,11,40,42,43,44,54,55,61,62,67,69,70,71,72,81, 84 and 89. Samples were pretreated twice with DNAse/ RNAse free solution and 30 μL of each sample was then added to the PCR mix.…”

“…In Burkina Faso, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women, with 1132 cases and 839 deaths estimated for 2020 [6]. Several studies have already been carried out to determine the prevalence of HPV infection in the general population in different regions and towns of the country [7] [8] [9] [10], among sex workers [11] [12], among women diagnosed with precancerous lesions [13] [14] [15], in those with invasive cervical cancer [16] [17], in pregnant women [18], in adolescents [19] and in people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) [20] [21] [22]. However, no studies have been carried out in women with hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) infection.…”

Mother-to-Child Transmission of Human Papillomavirus in Burkina Faso

“…In Burkina Faso, the prevalence of HPV infection is high (37.09%) among sexually active women [16]. Studies on HPV have mainly focused on adults [17]- [24]. No data are available on mother-to-child transmission of HPV in Burkina Faso.…”